Africa: Garlic Market 2025

Garlic Market Size in Africa

In 2022, the African garlic market decreased by -0.3% to $X for the first time since 2019, thus ending a two-year rising trend. The total consumption indicated measured growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.9% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, consumption increased by +6.8% against 2018 indices. Over the period under review, the market hit record highs at $X in 2021, and then dropped in the following year.

Garlic Production in Africa

In value terms, garlic production reduced slightly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total production indicated a noticeable increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.5% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, production increased by +57.3% against 2013 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2018 when the production volume increased by 19%. Over the period under review, production attained the maximum level at $X in 2021, and then dropped slightly in the following year.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Egypt (X tons), Algeria (X tons) and Ethiopia (X tons), with a combined 85% share of total production. Sudan, Tunisia and Mali lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 10%.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of production, amongst the main producing countries, was attained by Mali (with a CAGR of +26.9%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

The average garlic yield declined to X tons per ha in 2022, almost unchanged from the previous year. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +1.6% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2015 with an increase of 12%. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2019; however, from 2020 to 2022, the yield remained at a lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the garlic harvested area in Africa reached X ha, remaining stable against 2021. Over the period under review, the harvested area, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 when the harvested area increased by 16% against the previous year. As a result, the harvested area reached the peak level of X ha. From 2019 to 2022, the growth of the garlic harvested area remained at a lower figure.

Garlic Exports

Exports in Africa

In 2022, the amount of garlic exported in Africa rose markedly to X tons, growing by 10% on the previous year. In general, exports saw a prominent increase. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2016 with an increase of 129% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports hit record highs at X tons in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, garlic exports reached $X in 2022. Overall, exports posted prominent growth. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2016 with an increase of 99.9%. Over the period under review, the exports attained the peak figure at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Exports by Country

Egypt prevails in exports structure, finishing at X tons, which was near 92% of total exports in 2022. South Africa (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

Egypt was also the fastest-growing in terms of the garlic exports, with a CAGR of +7.6% from 2012 to 2022. South Africa (-1.0%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. While the share of Egypt (+11 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total exports from 2012-2022, the share of South Africa (-3.3 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics.

In value terms, Egypt ($X) remains the largest garlic supplier in Africa, comprising 93% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by South Africa ($X), with a 5.2% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in Egypt totaled +7.6%.

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in Africa amounted to $X per ton, surging by 1.7% against the previous year. Overall, the export price saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 an increase of 22% against the previous year. The level of export peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was South Africa ($X per ton), while Egypt totaled $X per ton.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by South Africa (+3.4%).

Garlic Imports

Imports in Africa

For the third year in a row, Africa recorded growth in supplies from abroad of garlic, which increased by 15% to X tons in 2022. Total imports indicated resilient growth from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +7.5% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by +34.7% against 2019 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2014 with an increase of 34%. The volume of import peaked in 2022 and is likely to see steady growth in years to come.

In value terms, garlic imports surged to $X in 2022. Total imports indicated a buoyant increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +9.0% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by +71.9% against 2019 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2013 when imports increased by 30%. The level of import peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Nigeria (X tons) was the major importer of garlic, making up 33% of total imports. Senegal (X tons) ranks second in terms of the total imports with a 15% share, followed by Morocco (7.7%) and Kenya (4.8%). Cote d'Ivoire (X tons), Sudan (X tons), Tunisia (X tons), Mali (X tons), Mozambique (X tons), Burkina Faso (X tons), Angola (X tons), South Africa (X tons) and Egypt (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

Nigeria was also the fastest-growing in terms of the garlic imports, with a CAGR of +103.7% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Burkina Faso (+12.7%), Cote d'Ivoire (+12.0%), Mali (+9.7%), Mozambique (+9.7%), Senegal (+9.1%), Kenya (+7.8%), Morocco (+7.0%), Egypt (+6.3%), South Africa (+5.7%) and Tunisia (+3.1%) displayed positive paces of growth. Sudan experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. By contrast, Angola (-2.3%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. Nigeria (+33 p.p.) and Senegal (+2 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total imports, while Tunisia, Angola and Sudan saw its share reduced by -1.9%, -3.5% and -4.6% from 2012 to 2022, respectively. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Nigeria ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported garlic in Africa, comprising 44% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Morocco ($X), with an 11% share of total imports. It was followed by Senegal, with a 5.6% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in Nigeria stood at +114.5%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Morocco (+9.8% per year) and Senegal (+3.9% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in Africa amounted to $X per ton, surging by 8.5% against the previous year. Over the last decade, it increased at an average annual rate of +1.5%. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2016 an increase of 17%. Over the period under review, import prices attained the peak figure at $X per ton in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, import prices stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Egypt ($X per ton), while Burkina Faso ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Tunisia (+6.7%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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