Africa: Hydrogen Market 2024

Hydrogen Market Size in Africa

The African hydrogen market fell modestly to $X in 2022, dropping by -3.3% against the previous year. The total consumption indicated a temperate expansion from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.8% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, consumption decreased by +0.2% against 2020 indices. As a result, consumption reached the peak level of $X. From 2018 to 2022, the growth of the market remained at a lower figure.

Hydrogen Production in Africa

In value terms, hydrogen production declined slightly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total production indicated a moderate increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.9% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, production increased by +4.3% against 2020 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2014 with an increase of 22%. Over the period under review, production hit record highs at $X in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, production remained at a lower figure.

Hydrogen Exports

Exports in Africa

Hydrogen exports reduced sharply to X cubic meters in 2022, falling by -21.9% on the previous year's figure. Overall, exports saw a abrupt shrinkage. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 with an increase of 2,603% against the previous year. As a result, the exports attained the peak of X cubic meters. From 2019 to 2022, the growth of the exports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, hydrogen exports soared to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, exports saw a abrupt descent. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 with an increase of 1,366% against the previous year. As a result, the exports attained the peak of $X. From 2019 to 2022, the growth of the exports remained at a lower figure.

Exports by Country

Tunisia represented the key exporting country with an export of around X cubic meters, which resulted at 38% of total exports. Zambia (X cubic meters) ranks second in terms of the total exports with a 16% share, followed by South Africa (16%), Kenya (14%) and Congo (6.8%). Egypt (X cubic meters) and Nigeria (X cubic meters) held a little share of total exports.

Exports from Tunisia increased at an average annual rate of +20.9% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Zambia (+32.0%), Congo (+2.8%) and Nigeria (+1.1%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Zambia emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in Africa, with a CAGR of +32.0% from 2012-2022. Kenya experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. By contrast, South Africa (-16.2%) and Egypt (-26.4%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. While the share of Tunisia (+35 p.p.), Zambia (+16 p.p.), Kenya (+8 p.p.) and Congo (+4.4 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total exports from 2012-2022, the share of South Africa (-26.8 p.p.) and Egypt (-28 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Tunisia ($X) emerged as the largest hydrogen supplier in Africa, comprising 39% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Congo ($X), with a 17% share of total exports. It was followed by South Africa, with a 16% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in Tunisia stood at +13.4%. The remaining exporting countries recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Congo (+10.2% per year) and South Africa (-14.2% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in Africa amounted to $X per cubic meter, with an increase of 69% against the previous year. Export price indicated a moderate expansion from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +2.7% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, hydrogen export price decreased by -11.0% against 2020 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 an increase of 105% against the previous year. The level of export peaked at $X per cubic meter in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the export prices stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Congo ($X per cubic meter), while Zambia ($X per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Nigeria (+10.4%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Hydrogen Imports

Imports in Africa

In 2022, supplies from abroad of hydrogen decreased by -5.4% to X cubic meters, falling for the fifth year in a row after two years of growth. Overall, imports saw a noticeable decline. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2017 when imports increased by 29%. As a result, imports attained the peak of X cubic meters. From 2018 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, hydrogen imports shrank to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, imports recorded a deep downturn. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2017 when imports increased by 33%. As a result, imports reached the peak of $X. From 2018 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Angola (X cubic meters) and Gabon (X cubic meters) represented the main importers of hydrogen in Africa, together generating 46% of total imports. Cabo Verde (X cubic meters) held a 13% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Nigeria (6.6%) and Egypt (4.6%). Mozambique (X cubic meters), Equatorial Guinea (X cubic meters), South Africa (X cubic meters), Algeria (X cubic meters), Kenya (X cubic meters), Libya (X cubic meters), Uganda (X cubic meters) and Botswana (X cubic meters) held a relatively small share of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of purchases, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Equatorial Guinea (with a CAGR of +26.6%), while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Gabon ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported hydrogen in Africa, comprising 31% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Angola ($X), with a 12% share of total imports. It was followed by Algeria, with a 9.1% share.

In Gabon, hydrogen imports expanded at an average annual rate of +8.2% over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Angola (-11.9% per year) and Algeria (+4.6% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Africa stood at $X per cubic meter in 2022, falling by -7.2% against the previous year. In general, the import price continues to indicate a slight slump. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2014 an increase of 21%. Over the period under review, import prices attained the maximum at $X per cubic meter in 2019; however, from 2020 to 2022, import prices remained at a lower figure.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Algeria ($X per cubic meter), while Cabo Verde (less than $X per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Equatorial Guinea (+7.0%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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