Africa: Millet Market 2025

Millet Market Size in Africa

The African millet market shrank to $X in 2022, therefore, remained relatively stable against the previous year. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +2.3% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations being observed in certain years. The level of consumption peaked at $X in 2019; however, from 2020 to 2022, consumption failed to regain momentum.

Millet Production in Africa

In value terms, millet production reduced modestly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total output value increased at an average annual rate of +2.0% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations being observed throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2014 with an increase of 12% against the previous year. Over the period under review, production hit record highs at $X in 2019; however, from 2020 to 2022, production failed to regain momentum.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Niger (X tons), Nigeria (X tons) and Mali (X tons), with a combined 50% share of total production. Ethiopia, Senegal, Sudan, Burkina Faso and Chad lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 36%.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Sudan (with a CAGR of +9.8%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In 2022, the average yield of millet in Africa rose slightly to X kg per ha, picking up by 3.8% on the previous year's figure. Overall, the yield, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2015 with an increase of 9.6%. As a result, the yield attained the peak level of X kg per ha. From 2016 to 2022, the growth of the millet yield remained at a somewhat lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, approx. X ha of millet were harvested in Africa; picking up by 2.1% compared with 2021 figures. Overall, the harvested area continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 with an increase of 13% against the previous year. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, the harvested area remained at a lower figure.

Millet Exports

Exports in Africa

In 2022, overseas shipments of millet increased by 32% to X tons, rising for the fourth year in a row after five years of decline. Overall, exports continue to indicate significant growth. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 with an increase of 353% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the peak figure in 2022 and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, millet exports rose sharply to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, exports posted a resilient increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when exports increased by 296% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports attained the maximum in 2022 and are likely to see steady growth in the near future.

Exports by Country

Mali represented the largest exporter of millet in Africa, with the volume of exports amounting to X tons, which was near 42% of total exports in 2022. Burkina Faso (X tons) ranks second in terms of the total exports with a 24% share, followed by Niger (12%) and Tanzania (12%). The following exporters - South Africa (X tons) and Zimbabwe (X tons) - each resulted at a 4.1% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of shipments, amongst the leading exporting countries, was attained by Mali (with a CAGR of +66.2%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Mali ($X), Niger ($X) and South Africa ($X) constituted the countries with the highest levels of exports in 2022, together comprising 52% of total exports.

Among the main exporting countries, Mali, with a CAGR of +54.9%, saw the highest growth rate of the value of exports, over the period under review, while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

The export price in Africa stood at $X per ton in 2022, waning by -16.7% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export price saw a deep slump. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2014 when the export price increased by 61%. Over the period under review, the export prices attained the peak figure at $X per ton in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, the export prices failed to regain momentum.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was South Africa ($X per ton), while Burkina Faso ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Niger (+2.5%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the export price figures.

Millet Imports

Imports in Africa

In 2022, supplies from abroad of millet decreased by -42.7% to X tons for the first time since 2018, thus ending a three-year rising trend. In general, imports saw a abrupt decline. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 when imports increased by 34%. As a result, imports reached the peak of X tons, and then dropped notably in the following year.

In value terms, millet imports fell significantly to $X in 2022. Total imports indicated a tangible expansion from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +2.2% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2017 with an increase of 27% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports attained the peak figure at $X in 2021, and then fell notably in the following year.

Imports by Country

Libya (X tons) and South Africa (X tons) represented roughly 49% of total imports in 2022. Morocco (X tons) took a 14% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Algeria (11%), Tunisia (7.6%), Uganda (5.8%) and Ghana (5.1%).

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of purchases, amongst the key importing countries, was attained by Ghana (with a CAGR of +37.2%), while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, South Africa ($X), Libya ($X) and Morocco ($X) constituted the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2022, together comprising 71% of total imports. Algeria, Tunisia, Uganda and Ghana lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 18%.

Uganda, with a CAGR of +35.7%, recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, in terms of the main importing countries over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Africa stood at $X per ton in 2022, with an increase of 25% against the previous year. Import price indicated a resilient increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +8.0% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2013 an increase of 25%. Over the period under review, import prices reached the maximum in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Morocco ($X per ton), while Ghana ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Morocco (+4.3%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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