Central Asia: Garlic Market 2025

Garlic Market Size in Central Asia

The Central Asian garlic market expanded rapidly to $X in 2022, increasing by 6.1% against the previous year. The total consumption indicated a strong expansion from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +5.7% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, consumption decreased by -6.0% against 2020 indices. Over the period under review, the market reached the peak level at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, consumption remained at a lower figure.

Garlic Production in Central Asia

In value terms, garlic production rose modestly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total production indicated prominent growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +5.9% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, production decreased by -4.4% against 2020 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 with an increase of 46% against the previous year. The level of production peaked at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, production remained at a lower figure.

The country with the largest volume of garlic production was Uzbekistan (X tons), comprising approx. 61% of total volume. Moreover, garlic production in Uzbekistan exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Kyrgyzstan (X tons), threefold. The third position in this ranking was held by Kazakhstan (X tons), with a 15% share.

In Uzbekistan, garlic production increased at an average annual rate of +4.1% over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Kyrgyzstan (+6.2% per year) and Kazakhstan (+6.3% per year).

In 2022, the average yield of garlic in Central Asia contracted to X tons per ha, remaining constant against the year before. Over the period under review, the yield saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2019 when the yield increased by 9%. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, the yield remained at a lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, approx. X ha of garlic were harvested in Central Asia; picking up by 5.3% compared with the year before. The total harvested area indicated a prominent expansion from 2012 to 2022: its figure increased at an average annual rate of +6.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, garlic harvested area decreased by -16.0% against 2018 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 with an increase of 31%. As a result, the harvested area attained the peak level of X ha. From 2019 to 2022, the growth of the garlic harvested area remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Garlic Exports

Exports in Central Asia

In 2022, exports of garlic in Central Asia contracted modestly to X tons, dropping by -1.6% on the previous year. In general, exports, however, continue to indicate a prominent expansion. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2017 when exports increased by 394% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports attained the peak figure at X tons in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, garlic exports totaled $X in 2022. Over the period under review, exports, however, posted a prominent expansion. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2017 with an increase of 334%. As a result, the exports attained the peak of $X. From 2018 to 2022, the growth of the exports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Exports by Country

In 2022, Uzbekistan (X tons) was the main exporter of garlic, mixing up 66% of total exports. It was distantly followed by Kyrgyzstan (X tons), mixing up a 31% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to garlic exports from Uzbekistan stood at -3.5%. Kyrgyzstan experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. From 2012 to 2022, the share of Uzbekistan increased by +66 percentage points.

In value terms, Uzbekistan ($X) remains the largest garlic supplier in Central Asia, comprising 84% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Kyrgyzstan ($X), with a 13% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value in Uzbekistan was relatively modest.

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in Central Asia amounted to $X per ton, picking up by 14% against the previous year. In general, the export price, however, continues to indicate a mild reduction. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 an increase of 24% against the previous year. The level of export peaked at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, the export prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Uzbekistan ($X per ton), while Kyrgyzstan totaled $X per ton.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Uzbekistan (+3.9%).

Garlic Imports

Imports in Central Asia

In 2022, garlic imports in Central Asia soared to X tons, rising by 99% on the previous year. Over the period under review, imports saw prominent growth. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 when imports increased by 173% against the previous year. As a result, imports reached the peak of X tons. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, garlic imports skyrocketed to $X in 2022. In general, imports posted tangible growth. As a result, imports reached the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

Kazakhstan represented the major importer of garlic in Central Asia, with the volume of imports finishing at X tons, which was near 57% of total imports in 2022. It was distantly followed by Uzbekistan (X tons), Kyrgyzstan (X tons) and Mongolia (X tons), together achieving a 40% share of total imports. Tajikistan (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of purchases, amongst the leading importing countries, was attained by Uzbekistan (with a CAGR of +98.3%), while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Kazakhstan ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported garlic in Central Asia, comprising 75% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was held by Uzbekistan ($X), with an 11% share of total imports. It was followed by Kyrgyzstan, with a 7.6% share.

In Kazakhstan, garlic imports remained relatively stable over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Uzbekistan (+104.7% per year) and Kyrgyzstan (+23.9% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Central Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, surging by 45% against the previous year. Overall, the import price, however, recorded a mild reduction. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 when the import price increased by 86%. Over the period under review, import prices attained the peak figure at $X per ton in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, import prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Kazakhstan ($X per ton), while Uzbekistan ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Mongolia (+6.8%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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