Central Asia: Grain Market 2025

Grain Market Size in Central Asia

In 2022, the Central Asian grain market decreased by X% to $X for the first time since 2019, thus ending a two-year rising trend. In general, consumption, however, saw a abrupt descent. Over the period under review, the market reached the maximum level at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, consumption stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Grain Production in Central Asia

In value terms, grain production rose to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Overall, production continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when the production volume increased by X% against the previous year. As a result, production attained the peak level of $X. From 2014 to 2022, production growth remained at a somewhat lower figure.

The country with the largest volume of grain production was Kazakhstan (X tons), accounting for X% of total volume. Moreover, grain production in Kazakhstan exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Uzbekistan (X tons), threefold. The third position in this ranking was held by Kyrgyzstan (X tons), with a X% share.

In Kazakhstan, grain production increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Uzbekistan (X% per year) and Kyrgyzstan (X% per year).

In 2022, the average yield of grain in Central Asia rose markedly to X tons per ha, with an increase of X% compared with the previous year. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations in certain years. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2013 with an increase of X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the grain yield reached the maximum level at X tons per ha in 2016; however, from 2017 to 2022, the yield failed to regain momentum. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the grain harvested area in Central Asia fell slightly to X ha, flattening at the previous year's figure. Over the period under review, the harvested area, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 with an increase of X% against the previous year. As a result, the harvested area attained the peak level of X ha. From 2014 to 2022, the growth of the grain harvested area remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Grain Exports

Exports in Central Asia

In 2022, shipments abroad of grain increased by X% to X tons, rising for the second year in a row after two years of decline. In general, exports, however, recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2016 with an increase of X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the maximum at X tons in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, grain exports surged to $X in 2022. Overall, exports continue to indicate a noticeable increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 with an increase of X%. Over the period under review, the exports attained the maximum in 2022 and are likely to continue growth in the near future.

Exports by Country

The shipments of the one major exporters of grain, namely Kazakhstan, represented more than two-thirds of total export.

Kazakhstan experienced a relatively flat trend pattern with regard to volume of exports of grain. The shares of the largest exporters remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Kazakhstan ($X) also remains the largest grain supplier in Central Asia.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in Kazakhstan amounted to X%.

Export Prices by Country

The export price in Central Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, surging by X% against the previous year. Over the last decade, it increased at an average annual rate of X%. As a result, the export price reached the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

As there is only one major export destination, the average price level is determined by prices for Kazakhstan.

From 2012 to 2022, the rate of growth in terms of prices for Kazakhstan amounted to X% per year.

Grain Imports

Imports in Central Asia

In 2022, overseas purchases of grain increased by X% to X tons, rising for the eighth consecutive year after two years of decline. In general, imports enjoyed a resilient increase. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2017 with an increase of X%. Over the period under review, imports attained the maximum in 2022 and are expected to retain growth in the near future.

In value terms, grain imports soared to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, imports enjoyed a resilient expansion. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 with an increase of X%. The level of import peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in years to come.

Imports by Country

Uzbekistan was the largest importing country with an import of about X tons, which amounted to X% of total imports. Kazakhstan (X tons) ranks second in terms of the total imports with a X% share, followed by Tajikistan (X%). The following importers - Kyrgyzstan (X tons) and Turkmenistan (X tons) - together made up X% of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Uzbekistan (with a CAGR of X%), while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Uzbekistan ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported grain in Central Asia, comprising X% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Kazakhstan ($X), with a X% share of total imports. It was followed by Tajikistan, with a X% share.

In Uzbekistan, grain imports expanded at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012-2022. The remaining importing countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Kazakhstan (X% per year) and Tajikistan (X% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in Central Asia amounted to $X per ton, surging by X% against the previous year. Import price indicated a noticeable expansion from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, grain import price increased by X% against 2017 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 when the import price increased by X%. Over the period under review, import prices hit record highs in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Tajikistan ($X per ton), while Kazakhstan ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Tajikistan (X%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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