Eastern Europe: Rye Market 2025

Rye Market Size in Eastern Europe

The East European rye market surged to $X in 2022, jumping by 29% against the previous year. Overall, consumption, however, saw a pronounced contraction. Over the period under review, the market hit record highs at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, consumption failed to regain momentum.

Rye Production in Eastern Europe

In value terms, rye production rose rapidly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. In general, production, however, continues to indicate a pronounced descent. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 with an increase of 37%. The level of production peaked at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, production failed to regain momentum.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Poland (X tons), Russia (X tons) and Belarus (X tons), together comprising 83% of total production. Ukraine, Latvia and the Czech Republic lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 12%.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Latvia (with a CAGR of +2.5%), while production for the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the production figures.

The average rye yield was estimated at X tons per ha in 2022, growing by 9.5% compared with the previous year's figure. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +2.3% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 when the yield increased by 25%. As a result, the yield attained the peak level of X tons per ha. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of the rye yield failed to regain momentum. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the rye harvested area in Eastern Europe was estimated at X ha, approximately reflecting 2021 figures. In general, the harvested area, however, recorded a noticeable downturn. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when the harvested area increased by 12%. As a result, the harvested area reached the peak level of X ha. From 2014 to 2022, the growth of the rye harvested area remained at a lower figure.

Rye Exports

Exports in Eastern Europe

In 2022, the amount of rye exported in Eastern Europe shrank remarkably to X tons, falling by -52.3% on 2021 figures. Overall, exports continue to indicate a mild decrease. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 with an increase of 98%. As a result, the exports attained the peak of X tons. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of the exports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, rye exports fell significantly to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, exports, however, continue to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2018 when exports increased by 100%. Over the period under review, the exports hit record highs at $X in 2021, and then declined notably in the following year.

Exports by Country

In 2022, Poland (X tons) was the main exporter of rye, making up 57% of total exports. Latvia (X tons) held a 15% share (based on physical terms) of total exports, which put it in second place, followed by Russia (8.1%) and Ukraine (6.9%). Lithuania (X tons), the Czech Republic (X tons) and Belarus (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

Exports from Poland increased at an average annual rate of +4.3% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Ukraine (+17.6%) and Belarus (+8.8%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Ukraine emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in Eastern Europe, with a CAGR of +17.6% from 2012-2022. Latvia experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. By contrast, the Czech Republic (-4.1%), Lithuania (-9.9%) and Russia (-14.0%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. While the share of Poland (+23 p.p.), Ukraine (+5.7 p.p.), Latvia (+2 p.p.) and Belarus (+1.8 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total exports from 2012-2022, the share of Lithuania (-5.8 p.p.) and Russia (-25.1 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Poland ($X) remains the largest rye supplier in Eastern Europe, comprising 64% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Latvia ($X), with a 13% share of total exports. It was followed by Ukraine, with a 5.3% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in Poland totaled +6.4%. The remaining exporting countries recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Latvia (-0.8% per year) and Ukraine (+16.7% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in Eastern Europe amounted to $X per ton, picking up by 33% against the previous year. Export price indicated a mild increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +1.2% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, rye export price increased by +62.6% against 2020 indices. As a result, the export price attained the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Poland ($X per ton), while Belarus ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Poland (+2.0%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Rye Imports

Imports in Eastern Europe

In 2022, imports of rye in Eastern Europe contracted rapidly to X tons, waning by -25.8% against the previous year's figure. Overall, imports showed a deep downturn. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 with an increase of 187% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports attained the maximum at X tons in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, imports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, rye imports shrank to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, imports saw a deep setback. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 with an increase of 169%. The level of import peaked at $X in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, imports failed to regain momentum.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Latvia (X tons), distantly followed by Poland (X tons), the Czech Republic (X tons), Estonia (X tons), Lithuania (X tons) and Hungary (X tons) represented the major importers of rye, together mixing up 92% of total imports. Romania (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Romania (with a CAGR of +42.6%), while purchases for the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the imports figures.

In value terms, the largest rye importing markets in Eastern Europe were Latvia ($X), Poland ($X) and the Czech Republic ($X), with a combined 56% share of total imports. Estonia, Lithuania, Hungary and Romania lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 30%.

In terms of the main importing countries, Romania, with a CAGR of +30.2%, recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in Eastern Europe amounted to $X per ton, growing by 25% against the previous year. Over the last decade, it increased at an average annual rate of +1.7%. As a result, import price reached the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Average prices varied noticeably amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, major importing countries recorded the following prices: in Poland ($X per ton) and Romania ($X per ton), while Latvia ($X per ton) and Hungary ($X per ton) were amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Lithuania (+1.8%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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