ECOWAS: Garlic Market 2025

Garlic Market Size in ECOWAS

For the third consecutive year, the ECOWAS garlic market recorded growth in sales value, which increased by 38% to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, consumption saw a significant expansion. Over the period under review, the market reached the maximum level in 2022 and is likely to see steady growth in the immediate term.

Garlic Production in ECOWAS

In value terms, garlic production dropped to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Over the period under review, production showed a significant expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2015 with an increase of 148%. The level of production peaked at $X in 2021, and then fell in the following year.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Mali (X tons), Niger (X tons) and Nigeria (X tons), together accounting for 100% of total production.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of production, amongst the leading producing countries, was attained by Mali (with a CAGR of +26.9%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

The average garlic yield totaled X tons per ha in 2022, picking up by 2% compared with the previous year's figure. The yield indicated a notable increase from 2012 to 2022: its figure increased at an average annual rate of +4.8% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, garlic yield decreased by -5.2% against 2019 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2015 with an increase of 94%. Over the period under review, the garlic yield reached the maximum level at X tons per ha in 2019; however, from 2020 to 2022, the yield stood at a somewhat lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

The garlic harvested area expanded slightly to X ha in 2022, growing by 2.6% against the previous year. In general, the harvested area recorded a buoyant increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when the harvested area increased by 26%. Over the period under review, the harvested area dedicated to garlic production attained the maximum at X ha in 2020; afterwards, it flattened through to 2022.

Garlic Exports

Exports in ECOWAS

In 2022, shipments abroad of garlic decreased by -81.3% to X tons, falling for the second consecutive year after two years of growth. Over the period under review, exports faced a deep contraction. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2017 with an increase of 296% against the previous year. The volume of export peaked at X tons in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, garlic exports plummeted to $X in 2022. Overall, exports continue to indicate a abrupt downturn. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2017 when exports increased by 138%. Over the period under review, the exports hit record highs at $X in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, the exports failed to regain momentum.

Exports by Country

Nigeria was the key exporting country with an export of around X tons, which resulted at 74% of total exports. It was distantly followed by Benin (X tons), making up a 12% share of total exports. Niger (X tons), Senegal (X tons), Cote d'Ivoire (X tons) and Ghana (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

Exports from Nigeria increased at an average annual rate of +18.0% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Benin (+36.5%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Benin emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in ECOWAS, with a CAGR of +36.5% from 2012-2022. By contrast, Ghana (-1.2%), Senegal (-30.4%), Niger (-31.6%) and Cote d'Ivoire (-37.7%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. From 2012 to 2022, the share of Nigeria, Benin and Ghana increased by +71, +12 and +1.9 percentage points, respectively.

In value terms, Nigeria ($X) emerged as the largest garlic supplier in ECOWAS, comprising 75% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Benin ($X), with a 5.3% share of total exports. It was followed by Ghana, with a 5% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in Nigeria stood at +6.7%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Benin (+27.6% per year) and Ghana (+6.0% per year).

Export Prices by Country

The export price in ECOWAS stood at $X per ton in 2022, surging by 203% against the previous year. Overall, the export price showed a modest increase. The level of export peaked at $X per ton in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2022, the export prices failed to regain momentum.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Ghana ($X per ton), while Niger ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Ghana (+7.3%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Garlic Imports

Imports in ECOWAS

In 2022, approx. X tons of garlic were imported in ECOWAS; surging by 56% against 2021. Over the period under review, imports showed a strong increase. As a result, imports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, garlic imports surged to $X in 2022. Overall, imports continue to indicate significant growth. As a result, imports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Nigeria (X tons) was the key importer of garlic, committing 55% of total imports. Senegal (X tons) held a 25% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Cote d'Ivoire (6.5%) and Mali (5.2%). The following importers - Burkina Faso (X tons) and Guinea (X tons) - together made up 6.4% of total imports.

Nigeria was also the fastest-growing in terms of the garlic imports, with a CAGR of +103.7% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Guinea (+17.7%), Burkina Faso (+12.7%), Cote d'Ivoire (+12.0%), Mali (+9.7%) and Senegal (+9.1%) displayed positive paces of growth. While the share of Nigeria (+54 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total imports from 2012-2022, the share of Burkina Faso (-1.7 p.p.), Cote d'Ivoire (-3.4 p.p.), Mali (-4.6 p.p.) and Senegal (-24.5 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Nigeria ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported garlic in ECOWAS, comprising 78% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Senegal ($X), with a 10% share of total imports. It was followed by Cote d'Ivoire, with a 3.6% share.

In Nigeria, garlic imports expanded at an average annual rate of +114.5% over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Senegal (+3.9% per year) and Cote d'Ivoire (+4.5% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in ECOWAS amounted to $X per ton, with an increase of 67% against the previous year. Import price indicated measured growth from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +3.5% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, garlic import price increased by +82.4% against 2016 indices. As a result, import price attained the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Nigeria ($X per ton), while Burkina Faso ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Nigeria (+5.3%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform