EU: Grain Market 2024

Grain Market Size in the EU

The EU grain market rose remarkably to $X in 2022, growing by X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, consumption showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2019 when the market value increased by X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the market hit record highs at $X in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, consumption stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Grain Production in the EU

In value terms, grain production shrank modestly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. In general, production saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2013 with an increase of X% against the previous year. As a result, production reached the peak level of $X. From 2014 to 2022, production growth remained at a lower figure.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were France (X tons), Germany (X tons) and Poland (X tons), together comprising X% of total production. Spain, Romania, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria, Denmark, the Czech Republic, Lithuania and Austria lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further X%.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Romania (with a CAGR of X%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In 2022, the average grain yield in the European Union shrank to X tons per ha, reducing by X% compared with 2021. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when the yield increased by X% against the previous year. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2021, and then shrank in the following year. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the total area harvested in terms of cereal grains production in the European Union was estimated at X ha, leveling off at the previous year. Over the period under review, the harvested area, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2019 when the harvested area increased by X% against the previous year. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Grain Exports

Exports in the EU

In 2022, overseas shipments of cereal grains decreased by X% to X tons, falling for the second year in a row after two years of growth. The total export volume increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations in certain years. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2013 when exports increased by X%. The volume of export peaked at X tons in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the exports failed to regain momentum.

In value terms, grain exports soared to $X in 2022. Total exports indicated a measured increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports increased by X% against 2017 indices. As a result, the exports reached the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

In 2022, France (X tons) was the main exporter of cereal grains, generating X% of total exports. Romania (X tons) held a X% share (based on physical terms) of total exports, which put it in second place, followed by Germany (X%), Poland (X%), Bulgaria (X%) and Hungary (X%). Lithuania (X tons), the Czech Republic (X tons), Latvia (X tons), Slovakia (X tons) and Croatia (X tons) took a little share of total exports.

Exports from France increased at an average annual rate of X% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Poland (X%), Croatia (X%), Romania (X%), Slovakia (X%), Latvia (X%), Lithuania (X%), Bulgaria (X%) and the Czech Republic (X%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Poland emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in the European Union, with a CAGR of X% from 2012-2022. Germany experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. By contrast, Hungary (X%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. From 2012 to 2022, the share of Poland and Romania increased by X and X percentage points, respectively. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, France ($X) remains the largest grain supplier in the European Union, comprising X% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Romania ($X), with a X% share of total exports. It was followed by Germany, with a X% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in France amounted to X%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Romania (X% per year) and Germany (X% per year).

Export Prices by Country

The export price in the European Union stood at $X per ton in 2022, surging by X% against the previous year. Export price indicated a slight increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, grain export price increased by X% against 2020 indices. As a result, the export price reached the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Average prices varied noticeably amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, major exporting countries recorded the following prices: in Hungary ($X per ton) and France ($X per ton), while the Czech Republic ($X per ton) and Latvia ($X per ton) were amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Hungary (X%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Grain Imports

Imports in the EU

In 2022, purchases abroad of cereal grains was finally on the rise to reach X tons for the first time since 2019, thus ending a two-year declining trend. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2014 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The volume of import peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the near future.

In value terms, grain imports skyrocketed to $X in 2022. Total imports indicated measured growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by X% against 2018 indices. As a result, imports reached the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

The countries with the highest levels of grain imports in 2022 were Spain (X tons), Italy (X tons), the Netherlands (X tons), Germany (X tons) and Belgium (X tons), together reaching X% of total import. Portugal (X tons), Poland (X tons), Austria (X tons), Romania (X tons), Hungary (X tons), Ireland (X tons) and Greece (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Hungary (with a CAGR of X%), while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest grain importing markets in the European Union were Spain ($X), Italy ($X) and the Netherlands ($X), together comprising X% of total imports. Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Poland, Austria, Romania, Hungary, Ireland and Greece lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further X%.

Hungary, with a CAGR of X%, saw the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, in terms of the main importing countries over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The import price in the European Union stood at $X per ton in 2022, rising by X% against the previous year. Import price indicated modest growth from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, grain import price increased by X% against 2016 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2021 an increase of X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, import prices attained the maximum in 2022 and is likely to see steady growth in years to come.

Average prices varied noticeably amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, major importing countries recorded the following prices: in Greece ($X per ton) and Austria ($X per ton), while Poland ($X per ton) and the Netherlands ($X per ton) were amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Austria (X%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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