EU: Durum Wheat Market 2025

Durum Wheat Market Size in the EU

The EU durum wheat market fell slightly to $X in 2022, waning by -3.2% against the previous year. In general, consumption recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The level of consumption peaked at $X in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2022, consumption failed to regain momentum.

Durum Wheat Production in the EU

In value terms, durum wheat production totaled $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Over the period under review, production saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 with an increase of 22%. Over the period under review, production reached the peak level at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, production remained at a lower figure.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were France (X tons), Germany (X tons) and Poland (X tons), with a combined 51% share of total production. Romania, Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Denmark, Sweden and Latvia lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 41%.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of production, amongst the leading producing countries, was attained by Latvia (with a CAGR of +5.1%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

The average durum wheat yield fell modestly to X tons per ha in 2022, with a decrease of -3.2% on the previous year. In general, the yield, however, showed a modest increase. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2017 when the yield increased by 9.9% against the previous year. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2022, the yield failed to regain momentum. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, approx. X ha of durum wheat were harvested in the European Union; therefore, remained relatively stable against 2021 figures. Overall, the harvested area continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 with an increase of 2.2%. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2016; however, from 2017 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Durum Wheat Exports

Exports in the EU

In 2022, after two years of decline, there was significant growth in shipments abroad of durum wheat, when their volume increased by 19% to X tons. The total export volume increased at an average annual rate of +2.2% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The volume of export peaked at X tons in 2016; afterwards, it flattened through to 2022.

In value terms, durum wheat exports soared to $X in 2022. Total exports indicated noticeable growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports increased by +105.2% against 2018 indices. As a result, the exports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

The biggest shipments were from France (X tons), the Czech Republic (X tons), Poland (X tons) and Slovakia (X tons), together accounting for 67% of total export. Greece (X tons) ranks next in terms of the total exports with a 7.8% share, followed by Spain (6.3%) and Italy (6.2%).

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of shipments, amongst the main exporting countries, was attained by Poland (with a CAGR of +17.6%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest durum wheat supplying countries in the European Union were France ($X), the Czech Republic ($X) and Poland ($X), with a combined 50% share of total exports.

In terms of the main exporting countries, Poland, with a CAGR of +20.2%, saw the highest growth rate of the value of exports, over the period under review, while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

The export price in the European Union stood at $X per ton in 2022, surging by 26% against the previous year. Export price indicated mild growth from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +1.8% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, durum wheat export price increased by +88.4% against 2016 indices. As a result, the export price reached the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Italy ($X per ton), while the Czech Republic ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Italy (+4.6%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Durum Wheat Imports

Imports in the EU

In 2022, supplies from abroad of durum wheat decreased by -29.5% to X tons, falling for the second year in a row after two years of growth. Over the period under review, imports showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2014 with an increase of 38% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports hit record highs at X tons in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, imports failed to regain momentum.

In value terms, durum wheat imports fell to $X in 2022. Total imports indicated a noticeable increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +2.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by +58.2% against 2018 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 when imports increased by 32%. Over the period under review, imports attained the peak figure at $X in 2021, and then dropped in the following year.

Imports by Country

Italy represented the largest importer of durum wheat in the European Union, with the volume of imports reaching X tons, which was near 48% of total imports in 2022. Spain (X tons) held the second position in the ranking, followed by Germany (X tons) and Belgium (X tons). All these countries together held approx. 27% share of total imports. The following importers - Portugal (X tons), Poland (X tons), the Netherlands (X tons), Austria (X tons), Greece (X tons) and Luxembourg (X tons) - together made up 17% of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to durum wheat imports into Italy stood at +1.9%. At the same time, Austria (+6.0%), Poland (+4.1%), Luxembourg (+3.6%), Spain (+2.5%) and Greece (+1.2%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Austria emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in the European Union, with a CAGR of +6.0% from 2012-2022. Germany and Portugal experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. By contrast, the Netherlands (-6.2%) and Belgium (-8.6%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. While the share of Italy (+8.5 p.p.) and Spain (+3.1 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total imports from 2012-2022, the share of the Netherlands (-2.2 p.p.) and Belgium (-8 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Italy ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported durum wheat in the European Union, comprising 54% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Spain ($X), with a 12% share of total imports. It was followed by Germany, with a 7.4% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value in Italy stood at +4.9%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Spain (+4.1% per year) and Germany (+1.5% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in the European Union amounted to $X per ton, surging by 34% against the previous year. Import price indicated a tangible expansion from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +2.4% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, durum wheat import price increased by +71.6% against 2019 indices. As a result, import price attained the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Italy ($X per ton), while the Netherlands ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Poland (+3.8%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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