EU: Graphite Market 2024

Graphite Market Size in the EU

In 2021, after two years of decline, there was growth in the EU graphite market, when its value increased by 3.5% to $X. Over the period under review, consumption saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 when the market value increased by 4.9% against the previous year. As a result, consumption reached the peak level of $X. From 2019 to 2021, the growth of the market remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Graphite Production in the EU

In value terms, graphite production shrank modestly to $X in 2021 estimated in export price. Overall, production, however, showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 when the production volume increased by 1.2%. The level of production peaked at $X in 2020, and then dropped in the following year.

Graphite Exports

Exports in the EU

Graphite exports surged to X tons in 2021, jumping by 40% against the previous year's figure. Total exports indicated a measured expansion from 2012 to 2021: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +4.6% over the last nine-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2021 figures, exports increased by +112.3% against 2016 indices. As a result, the exports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, graphite exports soared to $X in 2021. Total exports indicated a noticeable increase from 2012 to 2021: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.6% over the last nine years. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2021 figures, exports increased by +89.8% against 2016 indices. As a result, the exports reached the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

The Netherlands (X tons) and Germany (X tons) represented roughly 76% of total exports in 2021. It was distantly followed by Austria (X tons), creating a 13% share of total exports. The Czech Republic (X tons) and Belgium (X tons) took a relatively small share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2021, the biggest increases were in the Netherlands (with a CAGR of +11.6%), while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Germany ($X), the Netherlands ($X) and Austria ($X) constituted the countries with the highest levels of exports in 2021, together accounting for 83% of total exports.

In terms of the main exporting countries, the Netherlands, with a CAGR of +11.3%, saw the highest growth rate of the value of exports, over the period under review, while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

The export price in the European Union stood at $X per ton in 2021, therefore, remained relatively stable against the previous year. In general, the export price, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2018 when the export price increased by 15%. As a result, the export price reached the peak level of $X per ton. From 2019 to 2021, the export prices remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably country of origin: the country with the highest price was the Czech Republic ($X per ton), while the Netherlands ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2021, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Belgium (+2.6%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the export price figures.

Graphite Imports

Imports in the EU

In 2021, supplies from abroad of graphite (natural) increased by 33% to X tons for the first time since 2018, thus ending a two-year declining trend. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of +3.6% from 2012 to 2021; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. As a result, imports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, graphite imports soared to $X in 2021. Total imports indicated a pronounced expansion from 2012 to 2021: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.9% over the last nine-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. As a result, imports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

In 2021, Germany (X tons) represented the key importer of graphite (natural), constituting 35% of total imports. It was distantly followed by the Netherlands (X tons), Austria (X tons), Poland (X tons), Belgium (X tons), France (X tons), Spain (X tons) and Italy (X tons), together achieving a 58% share of total imports.

Imports into Germany increased at an average annual rate of +4.3% from 2012 to 2021. At the same time, Poland (+9.5%), Austria (+7.7%), the Netherlands (+5.7%), Belgium (+2.9%) and Spain (+2.4%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Poland emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in the European Union, with a CAGR of +9.5% from 2012-2021. Italy and France experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. From 2012 to 2021, the share of Austria, Poland, the Netherlands and Germany increased by +3.7, +3.5, +2.5 and +1.9 percentage points, respectively. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, the largest graphite importing markets in the European Union were Germany ($X), Poland ($X) and the Netherlands ($X), with a combined 56% share of total imports.

In terms of the main importing countries, Poland, with a CAGR of +18.2%, recorded the highest growth rate of the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The import price in the European Union stood at $X per ton in 2021, picking up by 2.7% against the previous year. Overall, the import price recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 an increase of 17%. Over the period under review, import prices hit record highs in 2021 and is likely to see gradual growth in years to come.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2021, the country with the highest price was Poland ($X per ton), while the Netherlands ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2021, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Poland (+8.0%), while the other leaders experienced a decline in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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