EU: Maize Market 2025

Maize Market Size in the EU

The EU maize market rose slightly to $X in 2022, growing by 4% against the previous year. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +4.4% from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. Over the period under review, the market attained the peak level at $X in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, consumption stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Maize Production in the EU

In value terms, maize production totaled $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total production indicated pronounced growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.9% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, production increased by +21.6% against 2019 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 with an increase of 57%. The level of production peaked at $X in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, production stood at a somewhat lower figure.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Croatia (X tons), Greece (X tons) and Hungary (X tons), together comprising 72% of total production. France, Italy, Spain and Poland lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 24%.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Spain (with a CAGR of +11.7%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In 2022, the average yield of maize (green) in the European Union stood at X tons per ha, remaining stable against 2021 figures. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +1.7% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 when the yield increased by 12% against the previous year. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2022, the yield stood at a somewhat lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, approx. X ha of maize (green) were harvested in the European Union; surging by 2.1% on 2021. The harvested area increased at an average annual rate of +2.0% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations being observed in certain years. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2015 when the harvested area increased by 15% against the previous year. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Maize Exports

Exports in the EU

For the eleventh consecutive year, the European Union recorded growth in shipments abroad of maize (green), which increased by 3.1% to X tons in 2022. The total export volume increased at an average annual rate of +3.9% from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2016 with an increase of 9.9% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the maximum in 2022 and are expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, maize exports expanded slightly to $X in 2022. Total exports indicated a temperate increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.7% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports increased by +51.8% against 2015 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2021 when exports increased by 13% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports attained the maximum in 2022 and are expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

Italy (X tons), the Netherlands (X tons) and Spain (X tons) represented roughly 69% of total exports in 2022. France (X tons) held a 9.7% share (based on physical terms) of total exports, which put it in second place, followed by Poland (7.2%). Belgium (X tons) and Germany (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Poland (with a CAGR of +30.1%), while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest maize supplying countries in the European Union were Italy ($X), the Netherlands ($X) and Spain ($X), with a combined 78% share of total exports. France, Germany, Poland and Belgium lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 15%.

Poland, with a CAGR of +23.1%, saw the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of exports, in terms of the main exporting countries over the period under review, while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in the European Union amounted to $X per ton, flattening at the previous year. In general, the export price, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 when the export price increased by 12%. The level of export peaked at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, the export prices failed to regain momentum.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was the Netherlands ($X per ton), while Poland ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Italy (+2.7%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Maize Imports

Imports in the EU

In 2022, approx. X tons of maize (green) were imported in the European Union; picking up by 12% on the previous year's figure. Total imports indicated a prominent increase from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +6.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by +81.2% against 2012 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2021 with an increase of 20%. The volume of import peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in years to come.

In value terms, maize imports stood at $X in 2022. Total imports indicated a buoyant increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +6.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by +76.3% against 2015 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2017 with an increase of 17% against the previous year. The level of import peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the near future.

Imports by Country

In 2022, the Netherlands (X tons), France (X tons) and Germany (X tons) represented the largest importer of maize (green) in the European Union, making up 59% of total import. Belgium (X tons) ranks next in terms of the total imports with a 7.6% share, followed by Austria (4.9%). The following importers - Poland (X tons), Italy (X tons), Hungary (X tons), Sweden (X tons), Spain (X tons), the Czech Republic (X tons) and Denmark (X tons) - together made up 21% of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of purchases, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Hungary (with a CAGR of +35.8%), while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest maize importing markets in the European Union were Germany ($X), the Netherlands ($X) and France ($X), together comprising 61% of total imports. Austria, Belgium, Poland, Italy, Sweden, Denmark, the Czech Republic, Spain and Hungary lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 31%.

Hungary, with a CAGR of +34.1%, recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, among the main importing countries over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The import price in the European Union stood at $X per ton in 2022, with a decrease of -7.2% against the previous year. In general, the import price recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2020 when the import price increased by 12% against the previous year. As a result, import price attained the peak level of $X per ton. From 2021 to 2022, the import prices remained at a lower figure.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Denmark ($X per ton), while Hungary ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Czech Republic (+3.8%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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