EU: Maize Market 2025

Maize Market Size in the EU

The EU maize market rose rapidly to $X in 2022, surging by 13% against the previous year. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +3.3% from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. Over the period under review, the market reached the peak level in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in years to come.

Maize Production in the EU

In value terms, maize production stood at $X in 2022 estimated in export price. In general, production, however, showed a mild expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 with an increase of 41% against the previous year. The level of production peaked at $X in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, production failed to regain momentum.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were France (X tons), Romania (X tons) and Hungary (X tons), together accounting for 49% of total production.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Romania (with a CAGR of +7.7%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In 2022, the average maize yield in the European Union reduced to X tons per ha, which is down by -5.7% compared with the previous year's figure. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +1.6% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations being observed throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2014 with an increase of 18% against the previous year. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, the yield failed to regain momentum. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

The maize harvested area reduced slightly to X ha in 2022, almost unchanged from 2021 figures. Over the period under review, the harvested area recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 when the harvested area increased by 8%. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Maize Exports

Exports in the EU

In 2022, shipments abroad of maize decreased by -2% to X tons, falling for the second year in a row after four years of growth. The total export volume increased at an average annual rate of +2.0% over the period from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2015 with an increase of 18%. The volume of export peaked at X tons in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the exports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, maize exports surged to $X in 2022. Total exports indicated a tangible increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports increased by +101.1% against 2016 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 with an increase of 23% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the peak figure in 2022 and are likely to see gradual growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

In 2022, Romania (X tons), France (X tons), Poland (X tons) and Hungary (X tons) was the main exporter of maize in the European Union, committing 75% of total export. Bulgaria (X tons), Slovakia (X tons), Croatia (X tons), Germany (X tons), Austria (X tons), the Czech Republic (X tons) and the Netherlands (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of shipments, amongst the leading exporting countries, was attained by Croatia (with a CAGR of +23.6%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, France ($X), Romania ($X) and Poland ($X) were the countries with the highest levels of exports in 2022, together comprising 63% of total exports. Hungary, Slovakia, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, the Netherlands and the Czech Republic lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 31%.

In terms of the main exporting countries, Croatia, with a CAGR of +23.9%, recorded the highest growth rate of the value of exports, over the period under review, while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in the European Union amounted to $X per ton, growing by 17% against the previous year. Export price indicated a slight increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +1.2% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, maize export price increased by +54.7% against 2019 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2021 when the export price increased by 26% against the previous year. The level of export peaked in 2022 and is likely to see steady growth in years to come.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Austria ($X per ton), while the Czech Republic ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Austria (+4.5%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Maize Imports

Imports in the EU

After two years of decline, purchases abroad of maize increased by 30% to X tons in 2022. Total imports indicated a remarkable increase from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +6.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. As a result, imports reached the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, maize imports surged to $X in 2022. In general, imports posted a remarkable increase. As a result, imports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Spain (X tons), distantly followed by Italy (X tons), the Netherlands (X tons), Germany (X tons), Portugal (X tons) and Poland (X tons) were the main importers of maize, together generating 75% of total imports. Belgium (X tons), Hungary (X tons), Ireland (X tons), Austria (X tons) and Romania (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of purchases, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Hungary (with a CAGR of +27.3%), while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest maize importing markets in the European Union were Spain ($X), Italy ($X) and the Netherlands ($X), together accounting for 52% of total imports. Germany, Portugal, Poland, Hungary, Belgium, Ireland, Romania and Austria lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 37%.

In terms of the main importing countries, Hungary, with a CAGR of +22.1%, recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in the European Union amounted to $X per ton, picking up by 18% against the previous year. Overall, the import price continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 an increase of 30%. Over the period under review, import prices attained the maximum in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the near future.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Romania ($X per ton), while Poland ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Romania (+7.2%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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