EU: Millet Market 2025

Millet Market Size in the EU

After three years of growth, the EU millet market decreased by -16.4% to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, consumption continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. Over the period under review, the market reached the peak level at $X in 2021, and then shrank notably in the following year.

Millet Production in the EU

In value terms, millet production declined to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. In general, production, however, showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 with an increase of 22% against the previous year. The level of production peaked at $X in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, production remained at a lower figure.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Poland (X tons), France (X tons) and Austria (X tons), with a combined 87% share of total production. Bulgaria, Hungary and Spain lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 9.3%.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of production, amongst the leading producing countries, was attained by Spain (with a CAGR of +12.4%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

The average millet yield fell modestly to X tons per ha in 2022, approximately mirroring the year before. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +2.2% from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2016 when the yield increased by 22% against the previous year. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2019; afterwards, it flattened through to 2022. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

The millet harvested area amounted to X ha in 2022, approximately reflecting 2021 figures. Over the period under review, the harvested area, however, continues to indicate a slight decrease. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when the harvested area increased by 15%. Over the period under review, the harvested area dedicated to millet production reached the maximum at X ha in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, the harvested area remained at a lower figure.

Millet Exports

Exports in the EU

In 2022, the amount of millet exported in the European Union soared to X tons, with an increase of 18% compared with 2021 figures. Total exports indicated a prominent expansion from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +5.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports increased by +20.8% against 2020 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2017 when exports increased by 32% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the maximum in 2022 and are likely to see steady growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, millet exports expanded rapidly to $X in 2022. Total exports indicated a perceptible expansion from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.7% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports increased by +100.3% against 2016 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 when exports increased by 29%. Over the period under review, the exports hit record highs in 2022 and are likely to see gradual growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

In 2022, France (X tons) was the main exporter of millet, committing 53% of total exports. It was distantly followed by Poland (X tons), Austria (X tons), the Netherlands (X tons) and Germany (X tons), together achieving a 35% share of total exports. The Czech Republic (X tons) and Bulgaria (X tons) held a little share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to millet exports from France stood at +5.5%. At the same time, Poland (+17.4%), the Czech Republic (+6.1%), Bulgaria (+6.1%), Austria (+5.5%) and Germany (+3.0%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Poland emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in the European Union, with a CAGR of +17.4% from 2012-2022. The Netherlands experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. While the share of Poland (+10 p.p.) and France (+2.2 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total exports from 2012-2022, the share of the Netherlands (-3 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, France ($X) remains the largest millet supplier in the European Union, comprising 41% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Poland ($X), with a 13% share of total exports. It was followed by Austria, with an 11% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in France stood at +4.2%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Poland (+18.5% per year) and Austria (+2.0% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in the European Union amounted to $X per ton, declining by -5.3% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export price continues to indicate a slight slump. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 when the export price increased by 18% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export prices reached the maximum at $X per ton in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, the export prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Germany ($X per ton), while France ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Czech Republic (+3.3%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Millet Imports

Imports in the EU

In 2022, supplies from abroad of millet decreased by -12.1% to X tons, falling for the second year in a row after two years of growth. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of +2.4% over the period from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 with an increase of 16% against the previous year. As a result, imports attained the peak of X tons. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, millet imports shrank to $X in 2022. Total imports indicated a noticeable expansion from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2019 when imports increased by 34%. Over the period under review, imports reached the maximum at $X in 2021, and then fell in the following year.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Germany (X tons) and Belgium (X tons) represented the key importers of millet in the European Union, together comprising 46% of total imports. Spain (X tons) took an 11% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Italy (9.5%), Poland (8%) and the Netherlands (7.4%). Portugal (X tons) and Hungary (X tons) held a minor share of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Poland (with a CAGR of +21.7%), while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest millet importing markets in the European Union were Germany ($X), Belgium ($X) and Spain ($X), with a combined 56% share of total imports. Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal and Hungary lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 29%.

In terms of the main importing countries, Poland, with a CAGR of +24.0%, recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The import price in the European Union stood at $X per ton in 2022, picking up by 11% against the previous year. Over the period from 2012 to 2022, it increased at an average annual rate of +1.6%. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2018 when the import price increased by 20% against the previous year. Over the period under review, import prices attained the peak figure in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was the Netherlands ($X per ton), while Poland ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Netherlands (+3.6%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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