Europe: Garlic Market 2025

Garlic Market Size in Europe

In 2022, after two years of growth, there was decline in the Europe garlic market, when its value decreased by -4.4% to $X. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +2.1% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The level of consumption peaked at $X in 2021, and then declined slightly in the following year.

Garlic Production in Europe

In value terms, garlic production declined to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total output value increased at an average annual rate of +2.9% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2016 when the production volume increased by 21%. The level of production peaked at $X in 2021, and then declined in the following year.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Spain (X tons), Ukraine (X tons) and Russia (X tons), together comprising 75% of total production. Romania, Italy, France, the Netherlands, Belarus, Poland and Albania lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 18%.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of production, amongst the main producing countries, was attained by the Netherlands (with a CAGR of +20.8%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

The average garlic yield shrank to X tons per ha in 2022, therefore, remained relatively stable against 2021 figures. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +1.8% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations being observed in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2017 with an increase of 6.4% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the garlic yield hit record highs at X tons per ha in 2021, and then fell in the following year. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the garlic harvested area in Europe fell modestly to X ha, approximately mirroring the year before. Overall, the harvested area continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2017 when the harvested area increased by 3.7% against the previous year. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Garlic Exports

Exports in Europe

In 2022, shipments abroad of garlic decreased by -6.6% to X tons, falling for the second consecutive year after two years of growth. Total exports indicated a resilient expansion from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +5.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports decreased by -15.1% against 2020 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2016 with an increase of 21%. The volume of export peaked at X tons in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, garlic exports dropped remarkably to $X in 2022. Total exports indicated a prominent increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +5.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 when exports increased by 49%. Over the period under review, the exports attained the maximum at $X in 2021, and then declined markedly in the following year.

Exports by Country

Spain represented the largest exporter of garlic in Europe, with the volume of exports amounting to X tons, which was approx. 74% of total exports in 2022. It was distantly followed by the Netherlands (X tons) and France (X tons), together mixing up an 18% share of total exports. Italy (X tons) held a minor share of total exports.

Spain was also the fastest-growing in terms of the garlic exports, with a CAGR of +7.1% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, the Netherlands (+4.3%) displayed positive paces of growth. France experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. By contrast, Italy (-4.7%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. From 2012 to 2022, the share of Spain increased by +12 percentage points. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Spain ($X) remains the largest garlic supplier in Europe, comprising 69% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by the Netherlands ($X), with a 15% share of total exports. It was followed by France, with a 6.6% share.

In Spain, garlic exports increased at an average annual rate of +7.8% over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: the Netherlands (+5.6% per year) and France (-0.1% per year).

Export Prices by Country

The export price in Europe stood at $X per ton in 2022, which is down by -10.5% against the previous year. Overall, the export price, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2020 when the export price increased by 26%. Over the period under review, the export prices attained the peak figure at $X per ton in 2021, and then reduced in the following year.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Italy ($X per ton), while Spain ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Italy (+1.5%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Garlic Imports

Imports in Europe

In 2022, supplies from abroad of garlic decreased by -1.5% to X tons, falling for the second year in a row after three years of growth. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of +2.3% from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 with an increase of 25%. As a result, imports attained the peak of X tons. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, garlic imports shrank to $X in 2022. Total imports indicated a moderate increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports decreased by -13.4% against 2020 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2020 when imports increased by 49% against the previous year. As a result, imports attained the peak of $X. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of imports failed to regain momentum.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Russia (X tons), distantly followed by France (X tons), the UK (X tons), Italy (X tons), the Netherlands (X tons), Germany (X tons) and Poland (X tons) represented the key importers of garlic, together constituting 72% of total imports. The following importers - Portugal (X tons), Ukraine (X tons), the Czech Republic (X tons), Spain (X tons), Belgium (X tons) and Romania (X tons) - together made up 15% of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Poland (with a CAGR of +11.7%), while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, Germany ($X), Russia ($X) and France ($X) constituted the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2022, together comprising 36% of total imports. Italy, the UK, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Spain, Romania and Ukraine lagged somewhat behind, together accounting for a further 46%.

Romania, with a CAGR of +11.2%, recorded the highest growth rate of the value of imports, in terms of the main importing countries over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Europe stood at $X per ton in 2022, which is down by -10.9% against the previous year. Over the period from 2012 to 2022, it increased at an average annual rate of +1.0%. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 an increase of 35%. Over the period under review, import prices attained the maximum at $X per ton in 2021, and then declined in the following year.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Germany ($X per ton), while Ukraine ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Ukraine (+5.4%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform