Indonesia: Garlic Market 2025

Garlic Market Size in Indonesia

In 2022, after three years of growth, there was decline in the Indonesian garlic market, when its value decreased by -4% to $X. In general, the total consumption indicated prominent growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +8.0% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, consumption increased by +12.1% against 2017 indices. Over the period under review, the market hit record highs at $X in 2021, and then reduced slightly in the following year.

Garlic Production in Indonesia

In value terms, garlic production reached $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Over the period under review, production saw a strong expansion. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 when the production volume increased by 190% against the previous year. Garlic production peaked at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, production failed to regain momentum.

In 2022, the average garlic yield in Indonesia dropped notably to X tons per ha, waning by -24.2% against the previous year. Overall, the yield saw a pronounced curtailment. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2021 with an increase of 59% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the average garlic yield hit record highs at X tons per ha in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, the yield stood at a somewhat lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the garlic harvested area in Indonesia skyrocketed to X ha, increasing by 43% compared with 2021 figures. Over the period under review, the harvested area continues to indicate a strong increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 with an increase of 145%. The garlic harvested area peaked at X ha in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the harvested area remained at a lower figure.

Garlic Exports

Exports from Indonesia

In 2022, approx. X tons of garlic were exported from Indonesia; increasing by 578% compared with the year before. Over the period under review, exports recorded a pronounced increase. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 when exports increased by 632% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the peak figure at X tons in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, garlic exports skyrocketed to $X in 2022. In general, exports saw a resilient increase. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 when exports increased by 1,015%. Over the period under review, the exports attained the peak figure at $X in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, the exports failed to regain momentum.

Exports by Country

Taiwan (Chinese) (X tons) was the main destination for garlic exports from Indonesia, with a 58% share of total exports. Moreover, garlic exports to Taiwan (Chinese) exceeded the volume sent to the second major destination, Timor-Leste (X tons), fourfold. Vietnam (X tons) ranked third in terms of total exports with a 16% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of volume to Taiwan (Chinese) amounted to +37.6%. Exports to the other major destinations recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Timor-Leste (-9.2% per year) and Vietnam (+0.5% per year).

In value terms, Taiwan (Chinese) ($X) emerged as the key foreign market for garlic exports from Indonesia, comprising 74% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Malaysia ($X), with an 11% share of total exports. It was followed by Vietnam, with a 9.8% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value to Taiwan (Chinese) totaled +41.7%. Exports to the other major destinations recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Malaysia (+18.7% per year) and Vietnam (+4.3% per year).

Export Prices by Country

The average garlic export price stood at $X per ton in 2022, falling by -6.3% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export price, however, continues to indicate a remarkable increase. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2018 an increase of 102% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the average export prices reached the peak figure at $X per ton in 2021, and then declined in the following year.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Taiwan (Chinese) ($X per ton), while the average price for exports to Timor-Leste ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was recorded for supplies to Malaysia (+12.7%), while the prices for the other major destinations experienced more modest paces of growth.

Garlic Imports

Imports into Indonesia

In 2022, overseas purchases of garlic decreased by -1.3% to X tons for the first time since 2019, thus ending a two-year rising trend. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of +3.7% over the period from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 when imports increased by 26%. Over the period under review, imports attained the maximum at X tons in 2021, and then reduced slightly in the following year.

In value terms, garlic imports reduced to $X in 2022. Overall, imports, however, recorded a prominent expansion. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 when imports increased by 49% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports hit record highs at $X in 2021, and then declined in the following year.

Imports by Country

In 2022, China (X tons) was the main garlic supplier to Indonesia, accounting for a approx. 99% share of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of volume from China totaled +3.8%.

In value terms, China ($X) constituted the largest supplier of garlic to Indonesia.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value from China totaled +10.1%.

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the average garlic import price amounted to $X per ton, shrinking by -4.8% against the previous year. In general, import price indicated a resilient increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +6.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, garlic import price decreased by -7.7% against 2019 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 an increase of 40%. Over the period under review, average import prices hit record highs at $X per ton in 2019; afterwards, it flattened through to 2022.

As there is only one major supplying country, the average price level is determined by prices for China.

From 2012 to 2022, the rate of growth in terms of prices for China amounted to +6.0% per year.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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