Iraq: Grain Market 2025

Grain Market Size in Iraq

The Iraqi grain market surged to $X in 2022, with an increase of X% against the previous year. In general, consumption posted a measured expansion. Grain consumption peaked at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, consumption failed to regain momentum.

Grain Production in Iraq

In value terms, grain production amounted to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Overall, production posted prominent growth. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2019 when the production volume increased by X%. Grain production peaked at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, production failed to regain momentum.

In 2022, the average grain yield in Iraq contracted to X tons per ha, with a decrease of X% compared with 2021. In general, the yield indicated a modest increase from 2012 to 2022: its figure increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, grain yield increased by X% against 2018 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 when the yield increased by X% against the previous year. The grain yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2021, and then reduced in the following year. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, approx. X ha of cereal grains were harvested in Iraq; with an increase of X% compared with the previous year's figure. Overall, the total harvested area indicated a perceptible increase from 2012 to 2022: its figure increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, grain harvested area decreased by X% against 2020 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 with an increase of X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the harvested area dedicated to grain production attained the maximum at X ha in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the harvested area stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Grain Exports

Exports from Iraq

In 2022, the amount of cereal grains exported from Iraq reduced dramatically to X tons, waning by X% on 2021. Over the period under review, exports, however, showed significant growth. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2019 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The exports peaked at X tons in 2021, and then dropped significantly in the following year.

In value terms, grain exports shrank remarkably to $X in 2022. In general, exports, however, recorded a significant expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 when exports increased by X%. The exports peaked at $X in 2021, and then dropped remarkably in the following year.

Exports by Country

Turkey (X tons) was the main destination for grain exports from Iraq, with a X% share of total exports. Moreover, grain exports to Turkey exceeded the volume sent to the second major destination, the Netherlands (X tons), more than tenfold.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume to Turkey amounted to X%. Exports to the other major destinations recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: the Netherlands (X.8% per year) and Uzbekistan (X% per year).

In value terms, Turkey ($X) emerged as the key foreign market for cereal grains exports from Iraq, comprising X% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by the Netherlands ($X), with a X% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value to Turkey stood at X%. Exports to the other major destinations recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: the Netherlands (X.7% per year) and Uzbekistan (X% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the average grain export price amounted to $X per ton, with an increase of X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export price enjoyed strong growth. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2015 when the average export price increased by X% against the previous year. As a result, the export price attained the peak level of $X per ton. From 2016 to 2022, the average export prices remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Turkey ($X per ton), while the average price for exports to the Netherlands ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was recorded for supplies to the Netherlands (X%), while the prices for the other major destinations experienced mixed trend patterns.

Grain Imports

Imports into Iraq

Grain imports into Iraq declined markedly to X tons in 2022, dropping by X% on 2021 figures. Over the period under review, imports showed a drastic downturn. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 with an increase of X% against the previous year. As a result, imports reached the peak of X tons. From 2019 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, grain imports fell rapidly to $X in 2022. Overall, imports continue to indicate a deep reduction. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 with an increase of X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports reached the peak figure at $X in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, imports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Turkey (X tons) constituted the largest grain supplier to Iraq, accounting for a X% share of total imports. Moreover, grain imports from Turkey exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest supplier, Brazil (X tons), fourfold. Argentina (X tons) ranked third in terms of total imports with a X% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of volume from Turkey amounted to X%. The remaining supplying countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Brazil (X.6% per year) and Argentina (X% per year).

In value terms, Turkey ($X) constituted the largest supplier of cereal grains to Iraq, comprising X% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Brazil ($X), with a X% share of total imports. It was followed by Argentina, with a X% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value from Turkey amounted to X%. The remaining supplying countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Brazil (X% per year) and Argentina (X% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the average grain import price amounted to $X per ton, increasing by X% against the previous year. In general, the import price, however, continues to indicate a pronounced reduction. Over the period under review, average import prices hit record highs at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, import prices failed to regain momentum.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Canada ($X per ton), while the price for Ukraine ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Argentina (X%), while the prices for the other major suppliers experienced a decline.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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