MERCOSUR: Garlic Market 2025

Garlic Market Size in MERCOSUR

In 2022, the MERCOSUR garlic market decreased by -6.8% to $X, falling for the second year in a row after two years of growth. In general, consumption, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The level of consumption peaked at $X in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, consumption remained at a lower figure.

Garlic Production in MERCOSUR

In value terms, garlic production shrank modestly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total output value increased at an average annual rate of +3.3% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2017 when the production volume increased by 25%. As a result, production reached the peak level of $X. From 2018 to 2022, production growth remained at a lower figure.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Brazil (X tons), Argentina (X tons) and Peru (X tons), together accounting for 90% of total production.

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Brazil (with a CAGR of +4.2%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

The average garlic yield stood at X tons per ha in 2022, flattening at the previous year's figure. Over the period under review, the yield showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 with an increase of 4.8% against the previous year. As a result, the yield attained the peak level of X tons per ha. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of the garlic yield failed to regain momentum. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the total area harvested in terms of garlic production in MERCOSUR dropped to X ha, with a decrease of -3.3% compared with the previous year's figure. The harvested area increased at an average annual rate of +1.3% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 with an increase of 7%. As a result, the harvested area reached the peak level of X ha, and then dropped modestly in the following year.

Garlic Exports

Exports in MERCOSUR

In 2022, approx. X tons of garlic were exported in MERCOSUR; rising by 4.8% against the year before. Total exports indicated notable growth from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +3.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports increased by +15.3% against 2018 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2016 when exports increased by 33% against the previous year. The volume of export peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the near future.

In value terms, garlic exports declined to $X in 2022. Total exports indicated a slight expansion from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +1.8% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, exports decreased by -22.0% against 2020 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 with an increase of 74% against the previous year. The level of export peaked at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the exports failed to regain momentum.

Exports by Country

Argentina dominates exports structure, accounting for X tons, which was approx. 82% of total exports in 2022. It was distantly followed by Chile (X tons) and Peru (X tons), together constituting an 18% share of total exports.

Exports from Argentina increased at an average annual rate of +3.1% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Peru (+9.9%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Peru emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in MERCOSUR, with a CAGR of +9.9% from 2012-2022. Chile experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. Peru (+3.9 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total exports, while Argentina and Chile saw its share reduced by -1.6% and -2.4% from 2012 to 2022, respectively.

In value terms, Argentina ($X) remains the largest garlic supplier in MERCOSUR, comprising 73% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Chile ($X), with a 14% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in Argentina was relatively modest. The remaining exporting countries recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Chile (+1.6% per year) and Peru (+24.4% per year).

Export Prices by Country

The export price in MERCOSUR stood at $X per ton in 2022, shrinking by -15.4% against the previous year. Overall, the export price continues to indicate a mild downturn. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 when the export price increased by 36% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export prices hit record highs at $X per ton in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, the export prices failed to regain momentum.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Chile ($X per ton), while Argentina ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Peru (+13.2%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the export price figures.

Garlic Imports

Imports in MERCOSUR

In 2022, purchases abroad of garlic decreased by -7.9% to X tons, falling for the second consecutive year after three years of growth. Overall, imports recorded a mild decrease. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 when imports increased by 13% against the previous year. As a result, imports attained the peak of X tons. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, garlic imports declined to $X in 2022. In general, imports saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2016 when imports increased by 83%. As a result, imports attained the peak of $X. From 2017 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a lower figure.

Imports by Country

Brazil represented the major importer of garlic in MERCOSUR, with the volume of imports resulting at X tons, which was approx. 67% of total imports in 2022. It was distantly followed by Colombia (X tons), Ecuador (X tons) and Chile (X tons), together comprising a 27% share of total imports. Paraguay (X tons) held a little share of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to garlic imports into Brazil stood at -2.7%. At the same time, Paraguay (+12.9%), Chile (+7.0%) and Ecuador (+1.7%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Paraguay emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in MERCOSUR, with a CAGR of +12.9% from 2012-2022. Colombia experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. While the share of Chile (+2.7 p.p.), Paraguay (+2.3 p.p.), Colombia (+2 p.p.) and Ecuador (+1.7 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total imports from 2012-2022, the share of Brazil (-9 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics.

In value terms, Brazil ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported garlic in MERCOSUR, comprising 70% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was held by Colombia ($X), with a 15% share of total imports. It was followed by Ecuador, with a 5.7% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value in Brazil amounted to -1.6%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Colombia (+2.9% per year) and Ecuador (+6.5% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The import price in MERCOSUR stood at $X per ton in 2022, which is down by -6.2% against the previous year. Import price indicated modest growth from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +1.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, garlic import price decreased by -9.0% against 2020 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2016 when the import price increased by 69%. As a result, import price reached the peak level of $X per ton. From 2017 to 2022, the import prices failed to regain momentum.

Average prices varied somewhat amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, major importing countries recorded the following prices: in Brazil ($X per ton) and Colombia ($X per ton), while Chile ($X per ton) and Paraguay ($X per ton) were amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Paraguay (+5.9%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform