Middle East: Barley Market 2025

Barley Market Size in the Middle East

The Middle Eastern barley market dropped significantly to $X in 2022, with a decrease of -27.2% against the previous year. In general, consumption saw a noticeable decrease. As a result, consumption reached the peak level of $X. From 2014 to 2022, the growth of the market failed to regain momentum.

Barley Production in the Middle East

In value terms, barley production contracted modestly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Overall, production, however, showed a abrupt shrinkage. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2019 with an increase of 22%. Over the period under review, production reached the maximum level at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, production stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Turkey (X tons) remains the largest barley producing country in the Middle East, accounting for 59% of total volume. Moreover, barley production in Turkey exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Iran (X tons), twofold. Iraq (X tons) ranked third in terms of total production with an 8.4% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume in Turkey was relatively modest. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Iran (+0.4% per year) and Iraq (+2.0% per year).

In 2022, the average barley yield in the Middle East skyrocketed to X tons per ha, surging by 15% compared with the previous year. Overall, the yield, however, recorded a pronounced contraction. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2015 with an increase of 20%. As a result, the yield reached the peak level of X tons per ha. From 2016 to 2022, the growth of the barley yield failed to regain momentum. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the barley harvested area in the Middle East rose sharply to X ha, with an increase of 8.4% on 2021 figures. The harvested area increased at an average annual rate of +1.9% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations being observed in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2019 when the harvested area increased by 13%. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Barley Exports

Exports in the Middle East

In 2022, overseas shipments of barley increased by 44% to X tons, rising for the second consecutive year after two years of decline. Over the period under review, exports continue to indicate a tangible expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 when exports increased by 192% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the peak figure at X tons in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, the exports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, barley exports skyrocketed to $X in 2022. In general, exports posted a prominent expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 with an increase of 220%. The level of export peaked at $X in 2018; however, from 2019 to 2022, the exports remained at a lower figure.

Exports by Country

Turkey was the largest exporting country with an export of around X tons, which reached 78% of total exports. It was distantly followed by the United Arab Emirates (X tons), creating an 18% share of total exports. The following exporters - Jordan (X tons) and Lebanon (X tons) - each reached a 3.9% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to barley exports from Turkey stood at +9.5%. At the same time, Jordan (+11.9%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Jordan emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in the Middle East, with a CAGR of +11.9% from 2012-2022. The United Arab Emirates and Lebanon experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. Turkey (+33 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total exports, while the United Arab Emirates saw its share reduced by -6.4% from 2012 to 2022, respectively. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Turkey ($X) remains the largest barley supplier in the Middle East, comprising 74% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by the United Arab Emirates ($X), with a 22% share of total exports. It was followed by Jordan, with a 3.3% share.

In Turkey, barley exports expanded at an average annual rate of +12.8% over the period from 2012-2022. The remaining exporting countries recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: the United Arab Emirates (+3.9% per year) and Jordan (+19.5% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in the Middle East amounted to $X per ton, picking up by 30% against the previous year. Export price indicated temperate growth from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +2.5% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, barley export price increased by +93.9% against 2017 indices. As a result, the export price reached the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Jordan ($X per ton), while Lebanon ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Jordan (+6.8%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Barley Imports

Imports in the Middle East

In 2022, approx. X tons of barley were imported in the Middle East; which is down by -53.3% against the previous year. Overall, imports saw a drastic downturn. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2021 with an increase of 25%. Over the period under review, imports hit record highs at X tons in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, imports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, barley imports reduced rapidly to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, imports recorded a abrupt downturn. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 with an increase of 58% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports reached the peak figure at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, imports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Imports by Country

Iran (X tons) and Turkey (X tons) represented the largest importers of barley in 2022, accounting for near 30% and 23% of total imports, respectively. Jordan (X tons) took a 14% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Kuwait (8.4%), the United Arab Emirates (7.7%), Israel (5.3%) and Qatar (4.9%).

From 2012 to 2022, the biggest increases were recorded for Turkey (with a CAGR of +34.7%), while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the largest barley importing markets in the Middle East were Turkey ($X), Iran ($X) and Jordan ($X), with a combined 71% share of total imports.

In terms of the main importing countries, Turkey, with a CAGR of +35.0%, saw the highest growth rate of the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in the Middle East amounted to $X per ton, rising by 6.2% against the previous year. Overall, the import price, however, showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 an increase of 26% against the previous year. Over the period under review, import prices hit record highs at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, import prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Turkey ($X per ton), while the United Arab Emirates ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Israel (+0.8%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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