Middle East: Clove Market 2025

Clove Market Size in the Middle East

The Middle Eastern clove market fell to $X in 2022, which is down by -7.8% against the previous year. The total consumption indicated a pronounced increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.8% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, consumption increased by +35.8% against 2020 indices. As a result, consumption attained the peak level of $X, and then reduced in the following year.

Clove Production in the Middle East

In value terms, clove production totaled $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Overall, production recorded a significant contraction. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 with a decrease of 99.9% against the previous year. Over the period under review, production hit record highs at $X in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, production stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Palestine (X kg) remains the largest clove producing country in the Middle East, accounting for 100% of total volume.

In Palestine, clove production contracted by an average annual rate of -59.1% over the period from 2012-2022.

Clove Exports

Exports in the Middle East

In 2022, clove exports in the Middle East dropped dramatically to X tons, with a decrease of -49.1% on the previous year's figure. Over the period under review, exports, however, showed prominent growth. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 with an increase of 121% against the previous year. As a result, the exports attained the peak of X tons. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of the exports failed to regain momentum.

In value terms, clove exports shrank to $X in 2022. In general, exports, however, continue to indicate a resilient expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2017 when exports increased by 143%. As a result, the exports reached the peak of $X. From 2018 to 2022, the growth of the exports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Exports by Country

The United Arab Emirates was the key exporter of cloves in the Middle East, with the volume of exports recording X tons, which was near 68% of total exports in 2022. Turkey (X tons) took a 14% share (based on physical terms) of total exports, which put it in second place, followed by Saudi Arabia (5.3%). The following exporters - Syrian Arab Republic (X tons), Oman (X tons), Kuwait (X tons) and Palestine (X tons) - together made up 10% of total exports.

Exports from the United Arab Emirates increased at an average annual rate of +7.6% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Turkey (+42.3%), Kuwait (+28.5%), Oman (+22.3%), Palestine (+13.2%) and Syrian Arab Republic (+8.0%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Turkey emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in the Middle East, with a CAGR of +42.3% from 2012-2022. By contrast, Saudi Arabia (-3.9%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. While the share of Turkey (+13 p.p.), Kuwait (+1.8 p.p.) and Oman (+1.7 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total exports from 2012-2022, the share of the United Arab Emirates (-5.1 p.p.) and Saudi Arabia (-12.2 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, the United Arab Emirates ($X) remains the largest clove supplier in the Middle East, comprising 57% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Turkey ($X), with a 23% share of total exports. It was followed by Saudi Arabia, with a 5.7% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in the United Arab Emirates amounted to +5.2%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Turkey (+27.3% per year) and Saudi Arabia (-0.8% per year).

Export Prices by Country

The export price in the Middle East stood at $X per ton in 2022, growing by 86% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export price, however, showed a relatively flat trend pattern. Over the period under review, the export prices reached the peak figure at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, the export prices failed to regain momentum.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Turkey ($X per ton), while Syrian Arab Republic ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Oman (+7.4%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the export price figures.

Clove Imports

Imports in the Middle East

After four years of growth, overseas purchases of cloves decreased by -7.3% to X tons in 2022. Total imports indicated a prominent increase from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +6.5% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by +62.0% against 2017 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2014 with an increase of 32%. Over the period under review, imports reached the peak figure at X tons in 2021, and then reduced in the following year.

In value terms, clove imports fell remarkably to $X in 2022. Total imports indicated a temperate expansion from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.1% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, imports increased by +29.5% against 2020 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 with an increase of 56%. As a result, imports reached the peak of $X, and then contracted remarkably in the following year.

Imports by Country

The United Arab Emirates represented the major importing country with an import of around X tons, which amounted to 53% of total imports. Saudi Arabia (X tons) held the second position in the ranking, distantly followed by Iraq (X tons). All these countries together held near 28% share of total imports. Iran (X tons), Turkey (X tons), Syrian Arab Republic (X tons) and Oman (X tons) took a relatively small share of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to clove imports into the United Arab Emirates stood at +5.6%. At the same time, Iraq (+64.1%), Syrian Arab Republic (+30.6%), Iran (+21.0%), Oman (+11.6%), Turkey (+8.1%) and Saudi Arabia (+3.0%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Iraq emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in the Middle East, with a CAGR of +64.1% from 2012-2022. From 2012 to 2022, the share of Iraq, Syrian Arab Republic and Iran increased by +9.9, +2.9 and +2.9 percentage points, respectively. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, the United Arab Emirates ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported cloves in the Middle East, comprising 56% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Saudi Arabia ($X), with a 21% share of total imports. It was followed by Iraq, with a 6.8% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in the United Arab Emirates was relatively modest. The remaining importing countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Saudi Arabia (+12.5% per year) and Iraq (+39.1% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in the Middle East amounted to $X per ton, declining by -10.4% against the previous year. Overall, the import price saw a perceptible setback. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2021 an increase of 37% against the previous year. The level of import peaked at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, import prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Saudi Arabia ($X per ton), while Syrian Arab Republic ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Saudi Arabia (+9.2%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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