SADC: Garlic Market 2025

Garlic Market Size in SADC

In 2022, the SADC garlic market decreased by -8.6% to $X, falling for the second year in a row after two years of growth. Over the period under review, consumption, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. Over the period under review, the market attained the peak level at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, consumption remained at a lower figure.

Garlic Production in SADC

In value terms, garlic production amounted to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total production indicated perceptible growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +2.4% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, production decreased by -0.8% against 2020 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2015 when the production volume increased by 47% against the previous year. As a result, production attained the peak level of $X. From 2016 to 2022, production growth failed to regain momentum.

The country with the largest volume of garlic production was Tanzania (X tons), comprising approx. 63% of total volume. Moreover, garlic production in Tanzania exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Madagascar (X tons), twofold. The third position in this ranking was held by Malawi (X tons), with a 6.6% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume in Tanzania totaled +2.1%. The remaining producing countries recorded the following average annual rates of production growth: Madagascar (+0.6% per year) and Malawi (+21.6% per year).

In 2022, the average garlic yield in SADC contracted modestly to X tons per ha, flattening at 2021. Over the period under review, the yield saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2015 with an increase of 23%. As a result, the yield attained the peak level of X tons per ha. From 2016 to 2022, the growth of the garlic yield remained at a lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the garlic harvested area in SADC was estimated at X ha, almost unchanged from 2021. The harvested area increased at an average annual rate of +2.6% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 when the harvested area increased by 16%. Over the period under review, the harvested area dedicated to garlic production attained the maximum at X ha in 2014; afterwards, it flattened through to 2022.

Garlic Exports

Exports in SADC

After two years of growth, overseas shipments of garlic decreased by -30.7% to X tons in 2022. Total exports indicated a mild increase from 2012 to 2022: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +1.0% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 when exports increased by 38% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the maximum at X tons in 2021, and then fell markedly in the following year.

In value terms, garlic exports contracted dramatically to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, exports, however, showed a notable expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 with an increase of 65% against the previous year. The level of export peaked at $X in 2021, and then fell sharply in the following year.

Exports by Country

South Africa was the main exporter of garlic in SADC, with the volume of exports reaching X tons, which was near 65% of total exports in 2022. Tanzania (X tons) took a 19% share (based on physical terms) of total exports, which put it in second place, followed by Madagascar (15%).

Exports from South Africa decreased at an average annual rate of -1.0% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Tanzania (+9.9%) and Madagascar (+4.8%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Tanzania emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in SADC, with a CAGR of +9.9% from 2012-2022. While the share of Tanzania (+11 p.p.) and Madagascar (+4.7 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total exports from 2012-2022, the share of South Africa (-14.7 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics.

In value terms, South Africa ($X) remains the largest garlic supplier in SADC, comprising 91% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Madagascar ($X), with a 6.1% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in South Africa stood at +2.4%. The remaining exporting countries recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Madagascar (+6.2% per year) and Tanzania (-2.1% per year).

Export Prices by Country

The export price in SADC stood at $X per ton in 2022, dropping by -18.5% against the previous year. Export price indicated a mild increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +1.3% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2016 when the export price increased by 69%. As a result, the export price attained the peak level of $X per ton. From 2017 to 2022, the export prices remained at a somewhat lower figure.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was South Africa ($X per ton), while Tanzania ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by South Africa (+3.4%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the export price figures.

Garlic Imports

Imports in SADC

In 2022, approx. X tons of garlic were imported in SADC; waning by -8.8% against the previous year's figure. In general, imports recorded a mild decline. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 with an increase of 45% against the previous year. As a result, imports reached the peak of X tons. From 2015 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, garlic imports dropped notably to $X in 2022. Overall, imports, however, showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 when imports increased by 21%. As a result, imports reached the peak of $X. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of imports failed to regain momentum.

Imports by Country

The countries with the highest levels of garlic imports in 2022 were Mozambique (X tons), Angola (X tons) and South Africa (X tons), together resulting at 69% of total import. It was distantly followed by Mauritius (X tons), committing a 14% share of total imports. Tanzania (X tons), Comoros (X tons) and Seychelles (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of purchases, amongst the main importing countries, was attained by Comoros (with a CAGR of +11.6%), while imports for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, South Africa ($X), Mauritius ($X) and Mozambique ($X) constituted the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2022, with a combined 79% share of total imports. Angola, Tanzania, Seychelles and Comoros lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 13%.

Comoros, with a CAGR of +12.6%, recorded the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of imports, among the main importing countries over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in SADC amounted to $X per ton, dropping by -9.4% against the previous year. Import price indicated a mild expansion from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +1.4% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, garlic import price increased by +33.8% against 2018 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2015 when the import price increased by 42% against the previous year. Over the period under review, import prices hit record highs at $X per ton in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, import prices failed to regain momentum.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was South Africa ($X per ton), while Angola ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by South Africa (+3.8%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform