Southern Asia: Barley Market 2025

Barley Market Size in Southern Asia

In 2022, the South Asian barley market increased by 10% to $X for the first time since 2019, thus ending a two-year declining trend. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +1.5% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. As a result, consumption attained the peak level of $X. From 2018 to 2022, the growth of the market failed to regain momentum.

Barley Production in Southern Asia

In value terms, barley production stood at $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total production indicated a slight increase from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +1.8% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, production decreased by -1.2% against 2020 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2017 with an increase of 40%. As a result, production reached the peak level of $X. From 2018 to 2022, production growth remained at a lower figure.

India (X tons) remains the largest barley producing country in Southern Asia, comprising approx. 89% of total volume. Moreover, barley production in India exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Afghanistan (X tons), more than tenfold. Pakistan (X tons) ranked third in terms of total production with a 2.4% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume in India was relatively modest. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Afghanistan (-13.0% per year) and Pakistan (-3.8% per year).

In 2022, the average yield of barley in Southern Asia was estimated at X tons per ha, remaining constant against 2021. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +1.6% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 with an increase of 7.9%. Over the period under review, the barley yield attained the maximum level at X tons per ha in 2020; afterwards, it flattened through to 2022. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, approx. X ha of barley were harvested in Southern Asia; standing approx. at 2021. Overall, the harvested area, however, continues to indicate a perceptible downturn. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2013 with an increase of 5.1%. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Barley Exports

Exports in Southern Asia

After two years of growth, overseas shipments of barley decreased by -38.3% to X tons in 2022. In general, exports continue to indicate a sharp shrinkage. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2018 when exports increased by 512% against the previous year. The volume of export peaked at X tons in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, barley exports rose to $X in 2022. Overall, exports saw a precipitous descent. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2018 with an increase of 267% against the previous year. The level of export peaked at $X in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, the exports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Exports by Country

India represented the major exporter of barley in Southern Asia, with the volume of exports recording X tons, which was approx. 89% of total exports in 2022. It was distantly followed by Pakistan (X tons), achieving a 10% share of total exports.

Exports from India decreased at an average annual rate of -32.9% from 2012 to 2022. Pakistan (-3.7%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. From 2012 to 2022, the share of Pakistan increased by +10 percentage points.

In value terms, India ($X) remains the largest barley supplier in Southern Asia, comprising 93% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Pakistan ($X), with a 1.5% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in India totaled -29.1%.

Export Prices by Country

The export price in Southern Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, with an increase of 65% against the previous year. In general, the export price saw a remarkable increase. As a result, the export price reached the peak level and is likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Prices varied noticeably by country of origin: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was India ($X per ton), while Pakistan totaled $X per ton.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by India (+5.7%).

Barley Imports

Imports in Southern Asia

After two years of decline, overseas purchases of barley increased by 531% to X tons in 2022. In general, imports recorded a strong expansion. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2016 when imports increased by 715% against the previous year. The volume of import peaked at X tons in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, imports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, barley imports surged to $X in 2022. Overall, imports posted a strong expansion. As a result, imports reached the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

India dominates imports structure, resulting at X tons, which was approx. 94% of total imports in 2022. Afghanistan (X tons) and Pakistan (X tons) took a minor share of total imports.

India was also the fastest-growing in terms of the barley imports, with a CAGR of +16.9% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Afghanistan (+6.8%) displayed positive paces of growth. Pakistan experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. India (+13 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total imports, while Afghanistan and Pakistan saw its share reduced by -4.3% and -5.5% from 2012 to 2022, respectively.

In value terms, India ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported barley in Southern Asia, comprising 97% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was held by Afghanistan ($X), with a 1.5% share of total imports.

In India, barley imports expanded at an average annual rate of +19.4% over the period from 2012-2022. The remaining importing countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Afghanistan (+5.9% per year) and Pakistan (-1.0% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Southern Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, picking up by 32% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the import price showed a temperate increase. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2021 when the import price increased by 37% against the previous year. The level of import peaked in 2022 and is likely to continue growth in years to come.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was India ($X per ton), while Afghanistan ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by India (+2.2%), while the other leaders experienced a decline in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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