Southern Asia: Grain Market 2025

Grain Market Size in Southern Asia

The South Asian grain market was estimated at $X in 2022, approximately mirroring the previous year. The market value increased at an average annual rate of X% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The level of consumption peaked at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, consumption remained at a lower figure.

Grain Production in Southern Asia

In value terms, grain production totaled $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total output value increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2017 with an increase of X%. Over the period under review, production hit record highs at $X in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, production remained at a lower figure.

The country with the largest volume of grain production was India (X tons), accounting for X% of total volume. Moreover, grain production in India exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Bangladesh (X tons), sixfold. The third position in this ranking was held by Pakistan (X tons), with a X% share.

In India, grain production expanded at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Bangladesh (X% per year) and Pakistan (X% per year).

The average grain yield shrank modestly to X tons per ha in 2022, approximately mirroring the previous year's figure. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2017 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2021, and then contracted modestly in the following year. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the harvested area of cereal grains in Southern Asia reduced modestly to X ha, leveling off at the year before. Over the period under review, the harvested area, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2021, and then declined in the following year.

Grain Exports

Exports in Southern Asia

In 2022, the amount of cereal grains exported in Southern Asia rose markedly to X tons, growing by X% against the previous year. In general, exports recorded modest growth. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2021 when exports increased by X%. The volume of export peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, grain exports surged to $X in 2022. Overall, exports recorded a tangible increase. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 when exports increased by X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports attained the maximum in 2022 and are expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

India dominates exports structure, accounting for X tons, which was near X% of total exports in 2022. It was distantly followed by Pakistan (X tons), achieving a X% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to grain exports from India stood at X%. At the same time, Pakistan (X%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Pakistan emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in Southern Asia, with a CAGR of X% from 2012-2022. Pakistan (X p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total exports, while India saw its share reduced by X% from 2012 to 2022, respectively.

In value terms, India ($X) remains the largest grain supplier in Southern Asia, comprising X% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Pakistan ($X), with a X% share of total exports.

In India, grain exports increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012-2022.

Export Prices by Country

The export price in Southern Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, picking up by X% against the previous year. Over the last decade, it increased at an average annual rate of X%. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 when the export price increased by X%. As a result, the export price attained the peak level of $X per ton. From 2020 to 2022, the export prices remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Average prices varied noticeably amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was India ($X per ton), while Pakistan amounted to $X per ton.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by India (X%).

Grain Imports

Imports in Southern Asia

In 2022, after three years of growth, there was significant decline in purchases abroad of cereal grains, when their volume decreased by X% to X tons. Over the period under review, imports, however, continue to indicate prominent growth. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2013 when imports increased by X%. The volume of import peaked at X tons in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2022, imports failed to regain momentum.

In value terms, grain imports shrank to $X in 2022. Overall, imports, however, continue to indicate a prominent expansion. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2013 when imports increased by X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports reached the peak figure at $X in 2021, and then contracted in the following year.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Bangladesh (X tons) represented the main importer of cereal grains, making up X% of total imports. Pakistan (X tons) held a X% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Nepal (X%) and Sri Lanka (X%). Afghanistan (X tons) and India (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2012 to 2022, average annual rates of growth with regard to grain imports into Bangladesh stood at X%. At the same time, Pakistan (X%), India (X%), Afghanistan (X%) and Nepal (X%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Pakistan emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in Southern Asia, with a CAGR of X% from 2012-2022. Sri Lanka experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. While the share of Bangladesh (X p.p.) and Pakistan (X p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total imports from 2012-2022, the share of Nepal (X p.p.) and Sri Lanka (X p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Bangladesh ($X), Pakistan ($X) and Sri Lanka ($X) were the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2022, together accounting for X% of total imports.

Among the main importing countries, Pakistan, with a CAGR of X%, recorded the highest growth rate of the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2022, the import price in Southern Asia amounted to $X per ton, growing by X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the import price, however, showed a mild curtailment. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2021 an increase of X%. Over the period under review, import prices hit record highs at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, import prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was India ($X per ton), while Afghanistan ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Nepal (X%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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