Southern Asia: Durum Wheat Market 2025

Durum Wheat Market Size in Southern Asia

The South Asian durum wheat market shrank slightly to $X in 2022, which is down by -1.5% against the previous year. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +1.1% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations in certain years. As a result, consumption reached the peak level of $X. From 2015 to 2022, the growth of the market remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Durum Wheat Production in Southern Asia

In value terms, durum wheat production dropped modestly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. Over the period under review, production, however, recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 with an increase of 33%. As a result, production attained the peak level of $X. From 2015 to 2022, production growth remained at a somewhat lower figure.

India (X tons) remains the largest durum wheat producing country in Southern Asia, accounting for 76% of total volume. Moreover, durum wheat production in India exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Pakistan (X tons), fourfold. The third position in this ranking was held by Afghanistan (X tons), with a 3.2% share.

In India, durum wheat production increased at an average annual rate of +1.4% over the period from 2012-2022. The remaining producing countries recorded the following average annual rates of production growth: Pakistan (+1.2% per year) and Afghanistan (-1.1% per year).

In 2022, the average yield of durum wheat in Southern Asia dropped slightly to X tons per ha, approximately mirroring 2021 figures. In general, the yield, however, showed a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2016 with an increase of 7.1%. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2021, and then shrank modestly in the following year. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

The durum wheat harvested area reached X ha in 2022, therefore, remained relatively stable against the previous year. Overall, the harvested area recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2020 when the harvested area increased by 6.1% against the previous year. The level of harvested area peaked at X ha in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Durum Wheat Exports

Exports in Southern Asia

In 2022, the amount of durum wheat exported in Southern Asia skyrocketed to X tons, rising by 54% compared with 2021. In general, exports, however, showed a dramatic descent. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2018 when exports increased by 33,416% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the peak figure at X tons in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, the exports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, durum wheat exports soared to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, exports, however, recorded a dramatic slump. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2018 when exports increased by 23,898%. The level of export peaked at $X in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, the exports remained at a lower figure.

Exports by Country

Pakistan (X tons) and India (X tons) represented roughly 99.9% of total exports in 2022.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of shipments, amongst the main exporting countries, was attained by Pakistan (with a CAGR of +1.8%).

In value terms, the largest durum wheat supplying countries in Southern Asia were India ($X) and Pakistan ($X).

Among the main exporting countries, Pakistan, with a CAGR of -1.2%, saw the highest rates of growth with regard to the value of exports, over the period under review.

Export Prices by Country

The export price in Southern Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, growing by 14% against the previous year. In general, the export price, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 an increase of 39%. The level of export peaked at $X per ton in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, the export prices stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Average prices varied somewhat amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was India ($X per ton), while Pakistan amounted to $X per ton.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by India (+1.2%).

Durum Wheat Imports

Imports in Southern Asia

In 2022, overseas purchases of durum wheat decreased by -16.6% to X tons, falling for the second year in a row after two years of growth. In general, imports, however, recorded a significant increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 with an increase of 360% against the previous year. As a result, imports reached the peak of X tons. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, durum wheat imports reduced to $X in 2022. Overall, imports, however, recorded a significant increase. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2020 with an increase of 405% against the previous year. The level of import peaked at $X in 2021, and then declined in the following year.

Imports by Country

Pakistan dominates imports structure, resulting at X tons, which was approx. 95% of total imports in 2022. The following importers - Nepal (X tons) and Afghanistan (X tons) - each amounted to a 3.6% share of total imports.

Imports into Pakistan increased at an average annual rate of +15.9% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Nepal (+32.4%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Nepal emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in Southern Asia, with a CAGR of +32.4% from 2012-2022. By contrast, Afghanistan (-13.8%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. Pakistan (+95 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total imports, while Afghanistan saw its share reduced by -68.6% from 2012 to 2022, respectively. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Pakistan ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported durum wheat in Southern Asia, comprising 96% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was held by Nepal ($X), with a 2% share of total imports.

In Pakistan, durum wheat imports expanded at an average annual rate of +17.4% over the period from 2012-2022. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Nepal (+36.6% per year) and Afghanistan (-18.2% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Southern Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, picking up by 7.9% against the previous year. Overall, the import price, however, recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 when the import price increased by 22%. Over the period under review, import prices hit record highs at $X per ton in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2022, import prices failed to regain momentum.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Pakistan ($X per ton), while Afghanistan ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Nepal (+3.2%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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