Southern Asia: Maize Market 2025

Maize Market Size in Southern Asia

The South Asian maize market contracted to $X in 2022, falling by -5.5% against the previous year. The total consumption indicated tangible growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +4.9% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, consumption decreased by -14.1% against 2019 indices. As a result, consumption attained the peak level of $X. From 2020 to 2022, the growth of the market failed to regain momentum.

Maize Production in Southern Asia

In value terms, maize production contracted to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total production indicated notable growth from 2012 to 2022: its value increased at an average annual rate of +2.9% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, production decreased by -20.4% against 2019 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2019 when the production volume increased by 42%. As a result, production reached the peak level of $X. From 2020 to 2022, production growth remained at a lower figure.

India (X tons) remains the largest maize producing country in Southern Asia, comprising approx. 63% of total volume. Moreover, maize production in India exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Pakistan (X tons), threefold. Bangladesh (X tons) ranked third in terms of total production with an 8.5% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume in India totaled +3.1%. The remaining producing countries recorded the following average annual rates of production growth: Pakistan (+8.8% per year) and Bangladesh (+12.1% per year).

In 2022, the average yield of maize in Southern Asia contracted to X tons per ha, with a decrease of -2.9% on the year before. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +2.9% over the period from 2012 to 2022; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2018 with an increase of 13% against the previous year. The level of yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2021, and then dropped modestly in the following year. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

The maize harvested area declined modestly to X ha in 2022, waning by -2% against 2021. The harvested area increased at an average annual rate of +1.6% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations being observed throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2013 with an increase of 7.7% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the harvested area dedicated to maize production reached the maximum at X ha in 2021, and then shrank in the following year.

Maize Exports

Exports in Southern Asia

For the third year in a row, Southern Asia recorded growth in overseas shipments of maize, which increased by 6.8% to X tons in 2022. In general, exports, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2020 when exports increased by 241%. Over the period under review, the exports hit record highs at X tons in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, the exports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, maize exports soared to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, exports posted a mild increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 when exports increased by 158% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports attained the maximum in 2022 and are likely to see steady growth in the near future.

Exports by Country

India was the largest exporter of maize in Southern Asia, with the volume of exports accounting for X tons, which was approx. 81% of total exports in 2022. It was distantly followed by Pakistan (X tons), making up a 19% share of total exports.

Exports from India decreased at an average annual rate of -2.1% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Pakistan (+8.3%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Pakistan emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in Southern Asia, with a CAGR of +8.3% from 2012-2022. Pakistan (+11 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total exports, while India saw its share reduced by -11.2% from 2012 to 2022, respectively.

In value terms, India ($X) remains the largest maize supplier in Southern Asia, comprising 81% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Pakistan ($X), with a 19% share of total exports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value in India was relatively modest.

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in Southern Asia amounted to $X per ton, growing by 24% against the previous year. Over the last decade, it increased at an average annual rate of +2.0%. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 when the export price increased by 32%. As a result, the export price reached the peak level of $X per ton. From 2020 to 2022, the export prices remained at a lower figure.

Average prices varied noticeably amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was India ($X per ton), while Pakistan amounted to $X per ton.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by India (+2.1%).

Maize Imports

Imports in Southern Asia

In 2022, the amount of maize imported in Southern Asia skyrocketed to X tons, picking up by 16% on the year before. Overall, imports showed a significant expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 when imports increased by 101%. The volume of import peaked at X tons in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, imports stood at a somewhat lower figure.

In value terms, maize imports amounted to $X in 2022. In general, imports enjoyed strong growth. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2013 when imports increased by 59% against the previous year. Over the period under review, imports reached the maximum in 2022 and are expected to retain growth in years to come.

Imports by Country

Bangladesh was the main importing country with an import of around X tons, which recorded 70% of total imports. Nepal (X tons) took the second position in the ranking, distantly followed by Sri Lanka (X tons). All these countries together held near 28% share of total imports.

Imports into Bangladesh increased at an average annual rate of +25.7% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Sri Lanka (+56.4%) and Nepal (+10.1%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Sri Lanka emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in Southern Asia, with a CAGR of +56.4% from 2012-2022. While the share of Bangladesh (+25 p.p.) and Sri Lanka (+7.3 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total imports from 2012-2022, the share of Nepal (-28.8 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics.

In value terms, Bangladesh ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported maize in Southern Asia, comprising 57% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Nepal ($X), with a 19% share of total imports.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value in Bangladesh stood at +22.6%. The remaining importing countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Nepal (+10.7% per year) and Sri Lanka (+32.2% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Southern Asia stood at $X per ton in 2022, dropping by -8.8% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the import price continues to indicate a pronounced reduction. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2021 an increase of 30%. The level of import peaked at $X per ton in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2022, import prices stood at a somewhat lower figure.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Sri Lanka ($X per ton), while Bangladesh ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Nepal (+0.6%), while the other leaders experienced a decline in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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