Turkey: Grain Market 2025

Grain Market Size in Turkey

In 2022, the Turkish grain market was finally on the rise to reach $X for the first time since 2019, thus ending a two-year declining trend. The market value increased at an average annual rate of X% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained consistent, with only minor fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Grain consumption peaked at $X in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, consumption stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Grain Production in Turkey

In value terms, grain production dropped to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. In general, production recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when the production volume increased by X% against the previous year. Grain production peaked at $X in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2022, production failed to regain momentum.

In 2022, the average yield of cereal grains in Turkey rose notably to X tons per ha, growing by X% against the previous year's figure. Overall, the yield recorded a relatively flat trend pattern. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2015 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The grain yield peaked at X tons per ha in 2020; however, from 2021 to 2022, the yield stood at a somewhat lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, the grain harvested area in Turkey stood at X ha, flattening at the previous year. Over the period under review, the harvested area, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2020 when the harvested area increased by X%. Over the period under review, the harvested area dedicated to grain production reached the maximum at X ha in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2022, the harvested area failed to regain momentum.

Grain Exports

Exports from Turkey

In 2022, overseas shipments of cereal grains increased by X% to X tons, rising for the second year in a row after three years of decline. In general, exports recorded buoyant growth. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2015 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The exports peaked in 2022 and are expected to retain growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, grain exports surged to $X in 2022. Overall, exports saw a buoyant expansion. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2015 when exports increased by X% against the previous year. The exports peaked in 2022 and are likely to see steady growth in years to come.

Exports by Country

Iraq (X tons) was the main destination for grain exports from Turkey, with a X% share of total exports. Moreover, grain exports to Iraq exceeded the volume sent to the second major destination, Syrian Arab Republic (X tons), threefold. Italy (X tons) ranked third in terms of total exports with a X% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of volume to Iraq stood at X%. Exports to the other major destinations recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Syrian Arab Republic (X% per year) and Italy (X% per year).

In value terms, Iraq ($X) remains the key foreign market for cereal grains exports from Turkey, comprising X% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Syrian Arab Republic ($X), with an X% share of total exports. It was followed by Italy, with a X% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value to Iraq stood at X%. Exports to the other major destinations recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Syrian Arab Republic (X% per year) and Italy (X% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the average grain export price amounted to $X per ton, growing by X% against the previous year. Overall, the export price recorded a mild increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 an increase of X%. As a result, the export price attained the peak level of $X per ton. From 2015 to 2022, the average export prices failed to regain momentum.

Prices varied noticeably by country of destination: amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was the United States ($X per ton), while the average price for exports to Israel ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was recorded for supplies to the United States (X%), while the prices for the other major destinations experienced more modest paces of growth.

Grain Imports

Imports into Turkey

In 2022, the amount of cereal grains imported into Turkey reached X tons, therefore, remained relatively stable against 2021 figures. In general, imports showed a buoyant increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2019 when imports increased by X% against the previous year. As a result, imports reached the peak of X tons. From 2020 to 2022, the growth of imports remained at a lower figure.

In value terms, grain imports skyrocketed to $X in 2022. Overall, imports showed a strong increase. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2019 with an increase of X% against the previous year. Imports peaked in 2022 and are likely to see gradual growth in years to come.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Russia (X tons) constituted the largest supplier of grain to Turkey, with a X% share of total imports. Moreover, grain imports from Russia exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest supplier, Ukraine (X tons), twofold. Moldova (X tons) ranked third in terms of total imports with a X% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume from Russia amounted to X%. The remaining supplying countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Ukraine (X% per year) and Moldova (X% per year).

In value terms, Russia ($X) constituted the largest supplier of cereal grains to Turkey, comprising X% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was taken by Ukraine ($X), with a X% share of total imports. It was followed by Moldova, with a X% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value from Russia totaled X%. The remaining supplying countries recorded the following average annual rates of imports growth: Ukraine (X% per year) and Moldova (X% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The average grain import price stood at $X per ton in 2022, jumping by X% against the previous year. Overall, import price indicated a slight increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of X% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, grain import price increased by X% against 2016 indices. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2021 an increase of X%. The import price peaked in 2022 and is expected to retain growth in years to come.

Average prices varied somewhat amongst the major supplying countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the highest price was recorded for prices from Kazakhstan ($X per ton) and Russia ($X per ton), while the price for Moldova ($X per ton) and Ukraine ($X per ton) were amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Kazakhstan (X%), while the prices for the other major suppliers experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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