Western Africa: Pimenta Pepper Market 2025

Pimenta Pepper Market Size in Western Africa

The West African pimenta pepper market expanded to $X in 2022, increasing by 3.3% against the previous year. The market value increased at an average annual rate of +2.5% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. As a result, consumption reached the peak level of $X. From 2021 to 2022, the growth of the market remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Pimenta Pepper Production in Western Africa

In value terms, pimenta pepper production expanded markedly to $X in 2022 estimated in export price. The total output value increased at an average annual rate of +2.8% over the period from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded in certain years. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2020 with an increase of 36% against the previous year. As a result, production reached the peak level of $X. From 2021 to 2022, production growth failed to regain momentum.

The countries with the highest volumes of production in 2022 were Cote d'Ivoire (X tons), Benin (X tons) and Ghana (X tons), with a combined 80% share of total production.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of production, amongst the main producing countries, was attained by Benin (with a CAGR of +10.1%), while production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In 2022, the average pimenta pepper yield in Western Africa stood at X tons per ha, remaining stable against the year before. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +1.9% from 2012 to 2022; the trend pattern remained relatively stable, with only minor fluctuations being observed throughout the analyzed period. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2020 when the yield increased by 11%. As a result, the yield attained the peak level of X tons per ha; afterwards, it flattened through to 2022. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2022, approx. X ha of pimenta pepper were harvested in Western Africa; waning by -4.2% on 2021 figures. In general, the harvested area, however, continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2021 when the harvested area increased by 9.1% against the previous year. As a result, the harvested area attained the peak level of X ha, and then reduced slightly in the following year.

Pimenta Pepper Exports

Exports in Western Africa

In 2022, overseas shipments of pimenta pepper increased by 124% to X tons for the first time since 2018, thus ending a three-year declining trend. Over the period under review, exports enjoyed a buoyant increase. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2016 when exports increased by 426% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports reached the peak figure in 2022 and are likely to continue growth in years to come.

In value terms, pimenta pepper exports soared to $X in 2022. Overall, exports continue to indicate a resilient increase. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2016 when exports increased by 408%. Over the period under review, the exports attained the peak figure in 2022 and are likely to see steady growth in the immediate term.

Exports by Country

Nigeria dominates exports structure, resulting at X tons, which was near 83% of total exports in 2022. It was distantly followed by Mali (X tons), committing a 9.3% share of total exports. Ghana (X tons) and Senegal (X tons) followed a long way behind the leaders.

Nigeria was also the fastest-growing in terms of the pimenta pepper exports, with a CAGR of +252.3% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Ghana (+8.3%) displayed positive paces of growth. By contrast, Mali (-1.7%) and Senegal (-11.7%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. While the share of Nigeria (+83 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total exports from 2012-2022, the share of Senegal (-25.9 p.p.) and Mali (-28.5 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Nigeria ($X) remains the largest pimenta pepper supplier in Western Africa, comprising 83% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was held by Ghana ($X), with a 4.9% share of total exports. It was followed by Senegal, with a 4.4% share.

In Nigeria, pimenta pepper exports increased at an average annual rate of +241.3% over the period from 2012-2022. The remaining exporting countries recorded the following average annual rates of exports growth: Ghana (+6.0% per year) and Senegal (-10.3% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2022, the export price in Western Africa amounted to $X per ton, with an increase of 41% against the previous year. Export price indicated a temperate increase from 2012 to 2022: its price increased at an average annual rate of +3.4% over the last decade. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2022 figures, pimenta pepper export price increased by +72.3% against 2017 indices. The level of export peaked at $X per ton in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2022, the export prices stood at a somewhat lower figure.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2022, amid the top suppliers, the country with the highest price was Senegal ($X per ton), while Mali ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Mali (+3.8%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the export price figures.

Pimenta Pepper Imports

Imports in Western Africa

In 2022, purchases abroad of pimenta pepper increased by 161% to X tons, rising for the second year in a row after two years of decline. In general, imports enjoyed prominent growth. As a result, imports reached the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, pimenta pepper imports soared to $X in 2022. Over the period under review, imports enjoyed a significant increase. As a result, imports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

In 2022, Nigeria (X tons) represented the key importer of pimenta pepper, creating 53% of total imports. Ghana (X tons) held a 16% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Benin (8.4%) and Niger (6.2%). Cote d'Ivoire (X tons), Mali (X tons) and Senegal (X tons) held a minor share of total imports.

Imports into Nigeria increased at an average annual rate of +45.2% from 2012 to 2022. At the same time, Benin (+66.4%), Ghana (+66.3%), Niger (+24.7%), Mali (+17.7%) and Cote d'Ivoire (+17.2%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Benin emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in Western Africa, with a CAGR of +66.4% from 2012-2022. By contrast, Senegal (-15.9%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. While the share of Nigeria (+48 p.p.), Ghana (+16 p.p.), Benin (+8.2 p.p.) and Niger (+3.8 p.p.) increased significantly in terms of the total imports from 2012-2022, the share of Senegal (-63.4 p.p.) displayed negative dynamics. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Nigeria ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported pimenta pepper in Western Africa, comprising 62% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was held by Ghana ($X), with a 15% share of total imports. It was followed by Niger, with a 6.4% share.

From 2012 to 2022, the average annual growth rate of value in Nigeria stood at +57.7%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Ghana (+55.3% per year) and Niger (+25.1% per year).

Import Prices by Country

The import price in Western Africa stood at $X per ton in 2022, standing approx. at the previous year. Over the period under review, the import price, however, recorded a resilient expansion. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2014 an increase of 105%. As a result, import price attained the peak level of $X per ton. From 2015 to 2022, the import prices remained at a somewhat lower figure.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2022, amid the top importers, the country with the highest price was Senegal ($X per ton), while Benin ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2022, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Senegal (+27.0%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Source: IndexBox Platform

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